Prevalence and correlates of depression among black and Latino stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension: a cross-sectional study

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040461

. 2020 Dec 8;10(12):e040461.

doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040461.

Prevalence and correlates of depression among black and Latino stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Adebayo O Ogunlade¹, Stephen K Williams², Jennifer Joseph², Deborah O Onakomaiya², Joseph P Eimicke³, Jeanne A Teresi^{3

4}, Olajide Williams⁵, Gbenga Ogedegbe², Tanya M Spruill²

Affiliations

¹ Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA adebayo.ogunlade@nyulangone.org.
² Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
³ Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Bronx, New York, USA.
⁴ Columbia University Stroud Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.
⁵ Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

PMID: 33293392
PMCID: PMC7725089
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040461

Prevalence and correlates of depression among black and Latino stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Adebayo O Ogunlade et al. BMJ Open. 2020.

. 2020 Dec 8;10(12):e040461.

doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040461.

Authors

Adebayo O Ogunlade¹, Stephen K Williams², Jennifer Joseph², Deborah O Onakomaiya², Joseph P Eimicke³, Jeanne A Teresi^{3

4}, Olajide Williams⁵, Gbenga Ogedegbe², Tanya M Spruill²

Affiliations

¹ Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA adebayo.ogunlade@nyulangone.org.
² Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
³ Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Bronx, New York, USA.
⁴ Columbia University Stroud Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.
⁵ Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

PMID: 33293392
PMCID: PMC7725089
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040461

Abstract

Objective: To examine the prevalence and correlates of depression in a cohort of black and Hispanic stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension.

Setting: Baseline survey data from 10 stroke centres across New York City.

Participants: Black and Hispanic stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension (n=450).

Outcome measures: Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 8-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measure. Depression was defined as a PROMIS score ≥55. Other data collected included clinical factors, health-related quality of life (EuroQoL five dimensions (EQ-5D)), functional independence (Barthel Index, BI), stroke-related disability (Modified Rankin Score), physical function (PROMIS Physical Function) and executive functioning (Frontal Assessment Battery).

Results: The mean age was 61.7±11.1 years, 44% of participants were women and 51% were black. Poststroke depression was noted in 32% of the cohort. Examining bivariate relationships, patients with depression were observed to have poorer function and quality of life as evidenced by significantly lower PROMIS physical function scores (36.9±8.32 vs 43.4±10.19, p<0.001); BI scores (79.9±19.2 vs 88.1±15.1, p<0.001); EQ-5D scores (0.66±0.24 vs 0.83±0.17, p<0.001) and higher Rankin scores (2.10±1.00 vs 1.46±1.01, p<0.001) compared with those without depression. Multivariate (model adjusted) significant correlates of depression included lower self-reported quality of life (OR=0.02 (CI 0.004 to 0.12) being younger (OR=0.94; 95% CI 0.91 to 0.97); not married (OR=0.46; CI 0.24 to 0.89)); and foreign-born (OR=3.34, 95% CI 1.4 to 7.97). There was a trend for higher comorbidity to be uniquely associated with depression (≥3 comorbid conditions, OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.23).

Conclusions: Poststroke depression is common among black and Hispanic stroke survivors with higher rates noted among foreign-born patients and those with high comorbidity. These findings highlight the importance of screening for depression in minority stroke survivors.

Trial registration number: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01070056.

Keywords: depression & mood disorders; hypertension; stroke.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

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References

1. Hackett ML, Pickles K. Part I: frequency of depression after stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1017–25. 10.1111/ijs.12357 - DOI - PubMed
1. De Ryck A, Brouns R, Fransen E, et al. . A prospective study on the prevalence and risk factors of poststroke depression. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2013;3:1–13. 10.1159/000345557 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Ayerbe L, Ayis SA, Crichton S, et al. . Explanatory factors for the association between depression and long-term physical disability after stroke. Age Ageing 2015;44:1054–8. 10.1093/ageing/afv132 - DOI - PubMed
1. Kauhanen M, Korpelainen JT, Hiltunen P, et al. . Poststroke depression correlates with cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Stroke 1999;30:1875–80. 10.1161/01.STR.30.9.1875 - DOI - PubMed
1. Kutlubaev MA, Hackett ML. Part II: predictors of depression after stroke and impact of depression on stroke outcome: an updated systematic review of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1026–36. 10.1111/ijs.12356 - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Hackett ML, Pickles K. Part I: frequency of depression after stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1017–25. 10.1111/ijs.12357 - DOI - PubMed

[2] Hackett ML, Pickles K. Part I: frequency of depression after stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1017–25. 10.1111/ijs.12357 - DOI - PubMed

[3] De Ryck A, Brouns R, Fransen E, et al. . A prospective study on the prevalence and risk factors of poststroke depression. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2013;3:1–13. 10.1159/000345557 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] De Ryck A, Brouns R, Fransen E, et al. . A prospective study on the prevalence and risk factors of poststroke depression. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2013;3:1–13. 10.1159/000345557 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Ayerbe L, Ayis SA, Crichton S, et al. . Explanatory factors for the association between depression and long-term physical disability after stroke. Age Ageing 2015;44:1054–8. 10.1093/ageing/afv132 - DOI - PubMed

[6] Ayerbe L, Ayis SA, Crichton S, et al. . Explanatory factors for the association between depression and long-term physical disability after stroke. Age Ageing 2015;44:1054–8. 10.1093/ageing/afv132 - DOI - PubMed

[7] Kauhanen M, Korpelainen JT, Hiltunen P, et al. . Poststroke depression correlates with cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Stroke 1999;30:1875–80. 10.1161/01.STR.30.9.1875 - DOI - PubMed

[8] Kauhanen M, Korpelainen JT, Hiltunen P, et al. . Poststroke depression correlates with cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Stroke 1999;30:1875–80. 10.1161/01.STR.30.9.1875 - DOI - PubMed

[9] Kutlubaev MA, Hackett ML. Part II: predictors of depression after stroke and impact of depression on stroke outcome: an updated systematic review of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1026–36. 10.1111/ijs.12356 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Kutlubaev MA, Hackett ML. Part II: predictors of depression after stroke and impact of depression on stroke outcome: an updated systematic review of observational studies. Int J Stroke 2014;9:1026–36. 10.1111/ijs.12356 - DOI - PubMed

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Prevalence and correlates of depression among black and Latino stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension: a cross-sectional study

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Prevalence and correlates of depression among black and Latino stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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