Prevalence and Factors Associated with Early Sexual Initiation among College Students in Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Early age at first sexual practice is a public health issue and now common around the world especially in the developing countries. The development of effective strategies to reduce the adverse consequences of early sexual initiation becomes real when sufficient data is available. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated to early sexual initiation among college students in southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 college students in southwest Ethiopia from April to May 2018. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data were collected using structured pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered using Epi-Data version 4.2.0.0 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the effect of independent variables on the outcome variable. Significance was declared at p < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results: The proportion of early sexual initiation among college students was 17.9%, 95% CI (14.4%-24.4%). The mean age of sexual intercourse was 17.6 (±2 SD) years. Nearly three-fourths (73.4%) of the respondent's reason for early sexual intercourse was falling in love. More than half (62.2%) of the respondents used a condom for their first sexual intercourse. The factors associated with early sexual initiation were being female (AOR = 2.09and 95% CI [1.17-2.35]), chewing khat (AOR = 7.05 and 95% CI [3.81-13.1]), exposed to pornographic materials at age < 18 years (AOR = 3.57 and 95% CI [1.94-6.89]), and poor knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (AOR = 8.69 and 95% CI [3.52-21.5]).

Conclusion: The prevalence of early sexual initiation among college students was alarmingly high. This may be associated with a huge burden of poor sexual and reproductive health. Therefore, creating awareness of the factors and related negative sexual and reproductive health effect of early sexual initiation for young peoples through the use of mass media (television and radio), school teachers, and parents plays a paramount importance.