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. 2020 Dec 10;13(1):561.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-05395-6.

Changes in cancer incidence and mortality in Australia over the period 1996-2015

Qingwei Luo  1   2 , Julia Steinberg  3   4 , Dianne L O'Connell  3   4   5 , Paul B Grogan  3   4 , Karen Canfell  3   4   6 , Eleonora Feletto  3   4
Affiliations

Changes in cancer incidence and mortality in Australia over the period 1996-2015

Qingwei Luo et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Objective: A previous Australian study compared the observed numbers of cancer cases and deaths in 2007 with the expected numbers based on 1987 rates. This study examines the impact of cancer rate changes over the 20-year period 1996-2015, for people aged under 75 years.

Results: The overall age-standardised cancer incidence rate increased from 350.7 in 1995 to 364.4 per 100,000 in 2015. Over the period 1996-2015, there were 29,226 (2.0%) more cases (males: 5940, 0.7%; females: 23,286, 3.7%) than expected numbers based on 1995 rates. Smaller numbers of cases were observed compared to those expected for cancers of the lung for males and colorectum, and cancers with unknown primary. Larger numbers of cases were observed compared to those expected for cancers of the prostate, thyroid and female breast. The overall age-standardised cancer mortality rate decreased from 125.6 in 1995 to 84.3 per 100,000 in 2015. During 1996 to 2015 there were 106,903 (- 20.6%) fewer cancer deaths (males: - 69,007, - 22.6%; females: - 37,896, - 17.9%) than expected based on the 1995 mortality rates. Smaller numbers of deaths were observed compared to those expected for cancers of the lung, colorectum and female breast, and more cancer deaths were observed for liver cancer.

Keywords: Australia; Cancer control; Cancer incidence; Cancer mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

KC is co-PI of an unrelated investigator-initiated trial of cytology and primary HPV screening in Australia ('Compass’), which is conducted and funded by the Victorian Cytology Service (VCS), a government-funded health promotion charity. The VCS has received equipment and a funding contribution for the Compass trial from Roche Molecular Systems and Ventana Inc USA. However, neither KC nor her institution (Cancer Council NSW) receives direct funding from industry for this trial or any other project.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Trends in age-standardised incidence and mortality rates in Australia for 1995–2015 from Joinpoint regression analysis for people aged under 75 years (a Incidence; b mortality). All rates were age-standardised to the Australian 2001 population. p < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance for the Joinpoint analysis of changes in rates. C26.0 (“malignant neoplasms of the intestinal tract unspecified”) was included for colorectal cancer mortality, as it has been reported that deaths certified as ‘bowel cancer’ tend to be coded as C26.0 [7]
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