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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Dec 14;15(12):e0243768.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243768. eCollection 2020.

Association between Vitamin D supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Liyuan Peng  1 , Linjie Li  2 , Peng Wang  1 , Weelic Chong  3 , Yin Li  1 , Xi Zha  1 , Haidong Deng  1 , Huaqian Fan  1 , Yu Zhang  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between Vitamin D supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Liyuan Peng et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Observational studies suggest that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D status is common and has been associated with higher mortality in critically ill patients. This study aim to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower mortality in critically ill patients.

Method: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception to January 12, 2020, without language restrictions, for randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of vitamin D supplementation with placebo in critically ill patients. Two authors independently performed data extraction and assessed study quality. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up.

Result: We identified nine trials with a total of 2066 patients. Vitamin D supplementation was not associated with reduced all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.09, I2 = 20%), at 30 days (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.15), at 90 days (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.44), and at 180 days (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.03). Results were similar in the sensitivity analysis. The sample size met the optimum size in trial sequential analysis. Similarly, supplemental vitamin D was not associated with length of ICU stay, hospital stay, or mechanical ventilation.

Conclusion: Vitamin D supplement was not associated with reduced all-cause mortality in critically ill patients.

Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/bgsjq.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Search strategy and final included and excluded studies.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Association of vitamin D versus placebo with mortality.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Association of vitamin D versus placebo with length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of mechanical ventilation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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