Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Aug;12(8):1322-1325.
doi: 10.1111/jdi.13480. Epub 2021 Jan 14.

Update in the epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and treatment of diabetic retinopathy

Kuan-Yu Lin  1 , Wen-Hui Hsih  1 , Yen-Bo Lin  1 , Chen-Yu Wen  1 , Tien-Jyun Chang  1
Affiliations
Review

Update in the epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and treatment of diabetic retinopathy

Kuan-Yu Lin et al. J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Despite progress in the treatment of diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy, the rate of lower fundus examination due to limitations of medical resources delays the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, implementation of automated diabetic retinopathy screening program and the identification of more specific and sensitive biomarkers are important for facilitating the earlier detection of diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy to decrease the prevalence of poor vision and blindness.

Keywords: Diabetes retinopathy; Epidemiology; Risk factors; Screening; Treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

    1. Wong TY, Cheung CMG, Larsen M, et al. Diabetic retinopathy. Nat Rev Dis Prim 2016; 2: 16012. - PubMed
    1. Lin KD, Hsu CC, Ou HY, et al. Diabetes‐related kidney, eye, and foot disease in Taiwan: an analysis of nationwide data for 2005–2014. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118(Suppl. 2): S103–S110. - PubMed
    1. Song SJ, Han K, Choi KS, et al. Trends in diabetic retinopathy and related medical practices among type 2 diabetes patients: Results from the National Insurance Service Survey 2006–2013. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9: 173–178. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Takao T, Suka M, Yanagisawa H, et al. Combined effect of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease on all‐cause, cancer, vascular and non‐cancer non‐vascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real‐world longitudinal study. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11: 1170–1180. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kobayashi S, Nagao M, Asai A, et al. Severity and multiplicity of microvascular complications are associated with QT interval prolongation in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9: 946–951. - PMC - PubMed