Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Feb;32(2):448-458.
doi: 10.1681/ASN.2020040517. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Increased Risk of CKD Prevalence in China

Guoxing Li  1   2 , Jing Huang  2 , Jinwei Wang  1   3   4 , Minghui Zhao  1   3   4 , Yang Liu  5 , Xinbiao Guo  2 , Shaowei Wu  2   6 , Luxia Zhang  1   3   7   8
Affiliations

Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 and Increased Risk of CKD Prevalence in China

Guoxing Li et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021 Feb.

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an important environmental risk factor for cardiopulmonary diseases. However, the association between PM2.5 and risk of CKD remains under-recognized, especially in regions with high levels of PM2.5, such as China.

Methods: To explore the association between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and CKD prevalence in China, we used data from the China National Survey of CKD, which included a representative sample of 47,204 adults. We estimated annual exposure to PM2.5 before the survey date at each participant's address, using a validated, satellite-based, spatiotemporal model with a 10 km×10 km resolution. Participants with eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or albuminuria were defined as having CKD. We used a logistic regression model to estimate the association and analyzed the influence of potential modifiers.

Results: The 2-year mean PM2.5 concentration was 57.4 μg/m3, with a range from 31.3 to 87.5 μg/m3. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 was positively associated with CKD prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22 to 1.35) and albuminuria (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.47). Effect modification indicated these associations were significantly stronger in urban areas compared with rural areas, in males compared with females, in participants aged <65 years compared with participants aged ≥65 years, and in participants without comorbid diseases compared with those with comorbidities.

Conclusions: These findings regarding the relationship between long-term exposure to high ambient PM2.5 levels and CKD in the general Chinese population provide important evidence for policy makers and public health practices to reduce the CKD risk posed by this pollutant.

Keywords: ambient PM2.5; chronic kidney disease; long-term exposure; prevalence.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The spatial distribution of the AOD-derived, 2-year mean PM2.5 concentration show obvious difference in the study region in China between 2007 and 2010. AOD, aerosol optical depth.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The linear exposure-response curves of ambient PM2.5 exposure and the prevalence of CKD and albuminuria in China between 2007 and 2010. The PM2.5 exposure level was calculated as the 2-year mean concentration. (A) CKD; (B) albuminuria.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

References

    1. Liu C, Chen R, Sera F, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Guo Y, Tong S, et al. .: Ambient particulate air pollution and daily mortality in 652 cities. N Engl J Med 381: 705–715, 2019 - PMC - PubMed
    1. GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators: Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 [published correction appears in Lancet 393: e44, 2019 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31049-9]. Lancet 392: 1736–1788, 2018 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gansevoort RT, Correa-Rotter R, Hemmelgarn BR, Jafar TH, Heerspink HJ, Mann JF, et al. .: Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention. Lancet 382: 339–352, 2013 - PubMed
    1. Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P: Chronic kidney disease. Lancet 389: 1238–1252, 2017 - PubMed
    1. Chen SY, Chu DC, Lee JH, Yang YR, Chan CC: Traffic-related air pollution associated with chronic kidney disease among elderly residents in Taipei City. Environ Pollut 234: 838–845, 2018 - PubMed

Publication types

Substances