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. 2020 Dec 20;7(1):e618.
doi: 10.1002/ams2.618. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.

Incidence and related factors of hypoxia associated with elderly femoral neck fractures in the emergency department setting

Takashi Hongo  1   2 , Hiromichi Naito  2 , Toshifumi Fujiwara  1 , Mototaka Inaba  2 , Noritomo Fujisaki  2 , Atsunori Nakao  2
Affiliations

Incidence and related factors of hypoxia associated with elderly femoral neck fractures in the emergency department setting

Takashi Hongo et al. Acute Med Surg. .

Abstract

Aim: Femoral neck fractures in elderly patients needing oxygen therapy are often encountered in the emergency department. This single-center, retrospective, observational study aimed to examine the frequency, cause, and factors related to hypoxia in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures.

Methods: We analyzed data from 241 patients admitted to Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital (Okayama, Japan) from April 2016 to March 2019. Hypoxia was defined as PaO2 / FiO2 ratio under 300. The independent factors for hypoxia were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: There were 194 patients who met the study inclusion criteria, 148 in the non-hypoxia group and 46 in the hypoxia group. The hypoxia group included patients with pneumonia (n = 3), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 2), pulmonary edema (n = 1), and pulmonary embolization (n = 1). The cause of hypoxia was undetermined in 39 cases. However, occult fat embolism syndrome was suspected in 29 of these 39 cases based on Gurd and Wilson criteria after considering clinical examination results. Barthel indexes were significantly lower in the hypoxia group on discharge. Age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.14; P = 0.038), D-dimer (adjusted OR 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.03; P = 0.005), and transtricuspid pressure gradient (adjusted OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07; P = 0.015) were independently associated with the hypoxia.

Conclusion: We found that hypoxia, including undetermined hypoxia, was commonly encountered in the emergency department. Hypoxia in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures was associated with age, D-dimer, and transtricuspid pressure gradient and needs further investigation.

Keywords: D‐dimer; TRPG; geriatric; hypoxia; injury.

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Conflict of interest statement

Approval of research protocol: The study was approved by the ethics committee of our institution (Committee of Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, ID: 200101). Informed consent: Informed consent was waived. Registration and registration no. of the study/trial: Registration no. 200101. Animal studies: N/A. Conflict of interest: None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study design flow chart. The incidence of hypoxia and non‐hypoxia in elderly neck fracture patients was 46/194 (23.8%) and 148/194 (76.2%), respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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