Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jul;236(7):4783-4796.
doi: 10.1002/jcp.30212. Epub 2020 Dec 24.

Therapeutic effects and perspective of stem cell extracellular vesicles in aging and cancer

Yu-Run Liu  1 , Ya-Qi Cheng  1 , Shou-Bi Wang  1 , Ya-Ru Su  1 , Ying Liu  1 , Chao-Yang Li  1 , Lin Jin  1 , Qi Wan  1 , Xuan Sang  1 , Zhi-Chong Wang  1
Affiliations
Review

Therapeutic effects and perspective of stem cell extracellular vesicles in aging and cancer

Yu-Run Liu et al. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Jul.

Abstract

Senescent cells can secrete a plethora of cytokines which induce senescent phenotype of neighboring cells and was called senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Previously, it was believed that cancer was caused by the infinite division and uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Based on this, anticancer treatments were all aimed at killing cancer cells. Cancer is now considered an age-related disease. Cancer cells are not exogenous, but one of the worst results of injuries which initially induce cell senescence. Therefore, reversing cell senescence can fundamentally prevent and treat cancer. Though current anticancer treatments induce the cancer cells apoptosis, they induce senescence of normal cells at the same time, thus promoting the occurrence and development of cancer and forming a vicious circle. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles which partially mirror their parent cells. In the tumor microenvironment, EVs of senescent cells can change the expression profile of cancer cells, contributing to their resistance to chemotherapy. There is growing evidence indicates that stem cell EVs exert effective antiaging and anticancer actions by transferring functional microRNAs and proteins. This review will summarize the therapeutic role of stem cell EVs in reversing aging and cancer, which suggests the broad clinical application perspective.

Keywords: cancer; cell senescence; extracellular vesicles (EVs); miRNA; stem cell.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Baker, D. J., Childs, B. G., Durik, M., Wijers, M. E., Sieben, C. J., Zhong, J., A. Saltness, R., Jeganathan, K. B., Verzosa, G. C., Pezeshki, A., Khazaie, K., Miller, J. D., & van Deursen, J. M. (2016). Naturally occurring p16(Ink4a)-positive cells shorten healthy lifespan. Nature, 530(7589), 184-189. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16932
    1. Baker, D. J., Wijshake, T., Tchkonia, T., LeBrasseur, N. K., Childs, B. G., van de Sluis, B., Kirkland, J. L., & van Deursen, J. M. (2011). Clearance of p16Ink4a-positive senescent cells delays ageing-associated disorders. Nature, 479(7372), 232-236. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10600
    1. Bebelman, M. P., Smit, M. J., Pegtel, D. M., & Baglio, S. R. (2018). Biogenesis and function of extracellular vesicles in cancer. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 188, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.013
    1. Borghesan, M., Fafián-Labora, J., Eleftheriadou, O., Carpintero-Fernández, P., Paez-Ribes, M., Vizcay-Barrena, G., Swisa, A., Kolodkin-Gal, D., Ximénez-Embún, P., Lowe, R., Martín-Martín, B., Peinado, H., Muñoz, J., Fleck, R. A., Dor, Y., Ben-Porath, I., Vossenkamper, A., Muñoz-Espin, D., & O'Loghlen, A. (2019). Small extracellular vesicles are key regulators of non-cell autonomous intercellular communication in senescence via the interferon protein IFITM3. Cell Reports, 27(13), 3956-3971.e3956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.095
    1. Burrello, J., Monticone, S., Gai, C., Gomez, Y., Kholia, S., & Camussi, G. (2016). Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and immune-modulation. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 4, 83. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2016.00083

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources