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Review
. 2020 Dec 21;21(24):9765.
doi: 10.3390/ijms21249765.

Synthetic Scaffold/Dental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC) Tissue Engineering Constructs for Bone Defect Treatment: An Animal Studies Literature Review

Felice Lorusso  1 , Francesco Inchingolo  2 , Gianna Dipalma  3 , Francesca Postiglione  1 , Stefania Fulle  4 , Antonio Scarano  1
Affiliations
Review

Synthetic Scaffold/Dental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC) Tissue Engineering Constructs for Bone Defect Treatment: An Animal Studies Literature Review

Felice Lorusso et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Background: Recently a greater interest in tissue engineering for the treatment of large bone defect has been reported. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of dental pulp stem cells and synthetic block complexes for bone defect treatment in preclinical in vivo articles.

Methods: The electronic database and manual search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, and EMBASE. The papers identified were submitted for risk-of-bias assessment and classified according to new bone formation, bone graft characteristics, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) culture passages and amount of experimental data. The meta-analysis assessment was conducted to assess new bone formation in test sites with DPSCs/synthetic blocks vs. synthetic block alone.

Results: The database search identified a total of 348 papers. After the initial screening, 30 studies were included, according to the different animal models: 19 papers on rats, 3 articles on rabbits, 2 manuscripts on sheep and 4 papers on swine. The meta-analysis evaluation showed a significantly increase in new bone formation in favor of DPSCs/synthetic scaffold complexes, if compared to the control at 4 weeks (Mean Diff: 17.09%, 95% CI: 15.16-18.91%, p < 0.01) and at 8 weeks (Mean Diff: 14.86%, 95% CI: 1.82-27.91%, p < 0.01) in rats calvaria bone defects.

Conclusion: The synthetic scaffolds in association of DPSCs used for the treatment of bone defects showed encouraging results of early new bone formation in preclinical animal studies and could represent a useful resource for regenerative bone augmentation procedures.

Keywords: bone regeneration; dental pulp stem cells; synthetic scaffold; tissue engineering.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest for the present research.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flowchart of the studies selection for systematic review and meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of risk of bias graph of papers selected for systematic review.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graph of risk of bias assessment of all papers included in present systematic review.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of comparison: of new bone formation, of the DPSCs (right) and synthetic scaffold complexes (left).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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