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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Dec 26;13(1):52.
doi: 10.3390/nu13010052.

Predefined Diets in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

José M Comeche  1 , Ana Gutierrez-Hervás  2 , José Tuells  1 , Cesare Altavilla  1 , Pablo Caballero  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Predefined Diets in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

José M Comeche et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease mediated by the immune system and characterized by the importance of diet in pathological development. This study aims to understand how the use of predefined diets can affect the adult population diagnosed with IBD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. From the different databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, LILACS, CINAHL, and WOS), we found 4195 registers. After a review process, only 31 research studies were selected for qualitative synthesis and 10 were selected for meta-analysis. The variables used were Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for patients with Crohn's Disease (CD) and fecal calprotectin (FC), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and albumin (ALB) for patients with IBD. Predefined diets have been shown to have partial efficacy for the treatment of IBD and are compatible with other medical treatments. CDAI improved but with reasonable doubts due to the high heterogeneity of the data, while no differences were observed for ALB, FC, and CRP. More studies that evaluate the influence of predefined diets on IBD patients are needed due to the great variability in diets and the tools used to measure their effects.

Keywords: Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; meta-analysis; nutrition therapy; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Identification and selection of studies/records in the databases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chronological review according to type of study and sample size: red points, clinical trials; blue points, observational Studies.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot for (a) Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), (b) Fecal Calprotectin (FC), (c) C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and (d) Albumin (ALB).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot for (a) Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), (b) Fecal Calprotectin (FC), (c) C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and (d) Albumin (ALB).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Baujat plot for (a) Crohn´s disease activity index, (b) fecal calprotectin, (c) C-reactive protein, and (d) albumin: the numbers in the plot correspond to the classification shown in Table 5.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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