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Review
. 2020 Dec 28;13(1):89.
doi: 10.3390/polym13010089.

Cationic UV-Curing of Epoxidized Biobased Resins

Camilla Noè  1 , Minna Hakkarainen  2 , Marco Sangermano  1
Affiliations
Review

Cationic UV-Curing of Epoxidized Biobased Resins

Camilla Noè et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Epoxy resins are among the most important building blocks for fabrication of thermosets for many different applications thanks to their superior thermo-mechanical properties and chemical resistance. The recent concerns on the environmental problems and the progressive depletion of petroleum feedstocks have drawn the research interest in finding biobased alternatives. Many curing techniques can be used to obtain the final crosslinked thermoset networks. The UV-curing technology can be considered the most environmentally friendly because of the absence of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and mild curing conditions. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of bio-based cationic UV-curable epoxy resins. Particular focus has been given to the sources of the bio-based epoxy monomers and the applications of the obtained products.

Keywords: UV-curing; cationic photopolymerization; epoxy resin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanism of the cationic ring opening polymerization of epoxide.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of most common cationic photoinitiators.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Simplified photodecomposition of a general diaryliodonium salt.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Common botanic oils used in cationic UV curing systems.
Figure 5
Figure 5
ECO structure and generic EVOs structure.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cash nut shell liquid and a general cardanol structure, where R is an alkyl chain.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Some examples of epoxidized monomer/polymer structures derived from different biobased resources. (a) Starch-g-GMA; (b) epoxidized furanic compounds FmE, FdE, and bFdE; (c) diglycidyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DGFDC) and different epoxidized fatty acid methyl esters (EMX); (d) α-pinene oxide and 1,2-oxide (LMO).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Epoxidized monomers derived by (a) β-pinene, (b) phloroglucinol and (c) vanillin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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