CT assessment of the left atrial appendage post-transcatheter occlusion - A systematic review and meta analysis

Abstract

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard imaging modality used to assess the left atrial appendage (LAA) after transcatheter device occlusion. Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) offers an alternative non-invasive modality in these patients. We aimed to conduct a comparison of the two modalities.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive systematic review of the current literature pertaining to CCTA to establish its usefulness during follow-up for patients undergoing LAA device closure. Studies that reported the prevalence of inadequate LAA closure on both CCTA and TEE were further evaluated in a meta-analysis. 19 studies were used in the systematic review, and six studies were used in the meta-analysis.

Results: The use of CCTA was associated with a higher likelihood of detecting LAA patency than the use of TEE (OR, 2.79, 95% CI 1.34-5.80, p ​= ​0.006, I² ​= ​70.4%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of peridevice gap ≥5 ​mm (OR, 3.04, 95% CI 0.70-13.17, p ​= ​0.13, I² ​= ​0%) between the two modalities. Studies that reported LAA assessment in early and delayed phase techniques detected a 25%-50% higher prevalence of LAA patency on the delayed imaging.

Conclusion: CCTA can be used as an alternative to TEE for LAA assessment post occlusion. Standardized CCTA acquisition and interpretation protocols should be developed for clinical practice.

Keywords: Cardiac CT angiography; Left atrial appendage occlusion device; Peridevice gap; Peridevice leak; Transesophageal echocardiography.