Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Dec 15:11:616167.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.616167. eCollection 2020.

The Relationship Between Simple Renal Cysts and Renal Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Ling Wei  1 , Ying Xiao  1 , Xiaofen Xiong  1 , Li Li  1 , Yuan Yang  1 , Yachun Han  1 , Hao Zhao  1 , Ming Yang  1 , Lin Sun  1
Affiliations

The Relationship Between Simple Renal Cysts and Renal Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Ling Wei et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

Introduction: Simple renal cysts (SRCs) are the most common acquired cystic kidney disease, but the relationship between SRCs and renal function has not been clarified in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical features of renal cysts and ultrasound data of the kidney in 4,304 patients with T2DM. Results: The prevalence of SRCs in patients with T2DM was 21.1%. Compared to patients with no SRCs, patients with SRCs had worse renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate: 108.65 ± 40.93 vs. 92.38 ± 42.1 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.05). After adjusting the confounders, SRC was related to estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with T2DM [odds ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval (1.24, 1.79), p < 0.01]. Age, gout, proteinuria, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and increased serum phosphorus levels were associated with SRCs in patients with T2DM. Conclusion: SRCs are associated with worse renal function in patients with T2DM. More attention should be paid to gout, proteinuria, CVD, serum phosphorus levels, and renal function in T2DM patients with SRCs.

Keywords: estimated glomerular filtration rate; proteinuria; renal function; simple renal cysts; type 2 diabetes.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The relationship of SRCs with age, eGFR, proteinuria, and uric acid. (A) Incidence of SRCs in four age groups in patients with T2DM. (B) The eGFR of patients with T2DM with SRCs and without SRCs at different ages. (C) The incidence of SRCs in patients with T2DM with proteinuria and without at different ages. (D) The incidence of SRCs in patients with type 2 diabetes with a high level and normal level of uric acid at different ages. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. Error bars indicate standard errors. T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; SRCs, simple renal cysts; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The relationship between numbers of SRCs and eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes. Mean ± standard deviation: no SRCs group: 108 ± 40.93 ml/min/1.73 m2, one SRC: 93.53 ± 42.5 ml/min/1.73 m2, and more than two SRCs: 90.34 ± 41.72 ml/min/1.73 m2. SRC, simple renal cysts; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; **p < 0.01. Error bars indicate standard errors.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Logistic regression analysis for simple renal cysts. Adjusted confounders variables included gender, age, duration, smoking, drinking, urolithiasis, waist-hip ratio, HB, PLT, TG, Scr, ALB, FPG, HbA1c, 24 h urinary albumin, Ca, P, DK, DF, hypertension, CVD, fatty liver, UTI, CVD, and insulin therapy. SRCs, simple renal cysts; SCr, serum creatinine; TG, triglyceride; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; DF, diabetic foot; MIAU, microalbuminuria (30–300 mg/24 h); MAAU, microalbuminuria (>300 mg/24 h); DF, diabetic foot.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Alberti K. G., Zimmet P. Z. (1998). Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet. Med. 15, 539–553. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Al-Said J., Brumback M. A., Moghazi S., Baumgarten D. A., O’Neill W. C. (2004). Reduced renal function in patients with simple renal cysts. Kidney Int. 65, 2303–2308. 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00651.x, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Al-Said J., O’Neill W. C. (2003). Reduced kidney size in patients with simple renal cysts. Kidney Int. 64, 1059–1064. 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00193.x, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Baert L., Steg A. (1977). Is the diverticulum of the distal and collecting tubules a preliminary stage of the simple cyst in the adult? J. Urol. 118, 707–710. 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)58167-7, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chang C. C., Kuo J. Y., Chan W. L., Chen K. K., Chang L. S. (2007). Prevalence and clinical characteristics of simple renal cyst. J. Chin. Med. Assoc. 70, 486–491. 10.1016/S1726-4901(08)70046-7, PMID: - DOI - PubMed