Preventing or Minimizing Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Abstract

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now routinely performed in patients with aortic stenosis with low mortality and complication rates. Although periprocedural risks have been substantially minimized, procedure- and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a major concern. AKI remains a frequent complication of contrast-guided interventional procedures and is associated with a significantly adverse prognosis. We review the currently available clinical data related to AKI, with emphasis on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), and discuss a novel, integrated approach aiming to minimize AKI risk in high-risk patients. A stepwise algorithm is also proposed for the management of these complex patients.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; aortic stenosis; contrast-induced nephropathy; double J-tip wire; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.