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. 2020 Mar;20(1):4-13.
doi: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.4.

Bacteriospermia, extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria and other factors associated with male infertility in Mwanza, Tanzania: a need of diagnostic bacteriology for management of male infertility

Vitus Silago  1 , Yusuph Mukama  1 , Anna L Haule  1 , Frank Chacha  2 , John Igenge  2 , Martha F Mushi  1 , Stephen E Mshana  1
Affiliations

Bacteriospermia, extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria and other factors associated with male infertility in Mwanza, Tanzania: a need of diagnostic bacteriology for management of male infertility

Vitus Silago et al. Afr Health Sci. 2020 Mar.

Abstract

Background: Infections caused by Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing bacterial are global challenge. There is limited information on the magnitude of bacteriospermia, ESBL producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) causing bacteriospermia and factors associated with male infertility. This study determined magnitude of bacteriospermia, ESBL-GNB and other factors association with infertility among presumptive infertile men in Mwanza, Tanzania.

Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted between May 2017 and July 2018 among 137 presumptive infertile men. Semen specimens were self-collected by masturbation into clean, sterile and none-spermicidal containers and processed following laboratory standard operating procedures (SOPs). Data analysis was done using STATA 13.0.

Results: Gram-negative bacteria were predominantly isolated (86.4%), of which 31.6% were ESBL producers. In a total 44 bacteria were isolated from semen culture. The blaCTX-M gene was detected in 75% of phenotypically confirmed ESBL producers. Infertility was independently found to be associated with abnormal spermatozoa morphology (OR (95%CI): 14.48(3.17-66.05)) and abnormal spermatozoa motility (OR (95%CI): 0.05(0.01-0.24)). However, neither bacteriospermia (OR (95%CI): 0.86(0.29-2.59)) nor ESBL bacteriospermia (OR (95%CI): 0.13(0.01-1.22)) was found to be associated with infertility.

Conclusion: One third of bacteriospermia is due to ESBL-producers with history of antibiotic use being protective factor for infertility. Abnormal spermatozoa morphology and poor spermatozoa forward motility independently predicted infertility.

Keywords: Mwanza; Tanzania; bacteriospermia; blaCTX-M; extended spectrum beta lactamase; male infertility.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Visualization of PCR products on 2% agarose gel stained with redsafe. Lane M; ladder marker and lanes 1–13; phenotypic confirmed bacterial isolates. Bacteria with positive blaCTX-M genes are shown by black arrows while negative are shown with with thick blue arrows.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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