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. 2020 Dec;10(2):021201.
doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.021201.

Setting global research priorities for private sector child health service delivery: Results from a CHNRI exercise

Catherine Clarence  1 , Tess Shiras  1 , Jack Zhu  2 , Malia K Boggs  3 , Nefra Faltas  3 , Anna Wadsworth  1 , Sarah Ek Bradley  1 , Salim Sadruddin  4 , Kerri Wazny  5 , Catherine Goodman  6 , Phyllis Awor  7 , Zulfiqar A Bhutta  8   9 , Karin Källander  10   11 , Davidson H Hamer  2   12
Affiliations

Setting global research priorities for private sector child health service delivery: Results from a CHNRI exercise

Catherine Clarence et al. J Glob Health. 2020 Dec.

Abstract

Background: The private health sector is an important source of sick child care, yet evidence gaps persist in best practices for integrated management of private sector child health services. Further, there is no prioritized research agenda to address these gaps. We used a Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) process to identify priority research questions in response to these evidence gaps. CHNRI is a consultative approach that entails prioritizing research questions by evaluating them against standardized criteria.

Methods: We engaged geographically and occupationally diverse experts in the private health sector and child health. Eighty-nine experts agreed to participate and provided 150 priority research questions. We consolidated submitted questions to reduce duplication into a final list of 50. We asked participants to complete an online survey to rank each question against 11 pre-determined criteria in four categories: (i) answerability, (ii) research feasibility, (iii) sustainability/equity, and (iv) importance/potential impact. Statistical data analysis was conducted in SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary NC, USA). We weighted all 11 evaluation criteria equally to calculate the research priority score and average expert agreement for each question. We disaggregated results by location in high-income vs low- and middle-income countries.

Results: Forty-nine participants (55.1%) completed the online survey, including 33 high-income and 16 low- and middle-income country respondents. The top, prioritized research question asks whether accreditation or regulation of private clinical and non-clinical sources of care would improve integrated management of childhood illness services. Four of the top ten research priorities were related to adherence to case management protocols. Other top research priorities were related to training and supportive supervision, digital health, and infant and newborn care. Research priorities among high-income and low- and middle-income country respondents were highly correlated.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic exercise conducted to define research priorities for the management of childhood illness in the private sector. The research priorities put forth in this CHNRI exercise aim to stimulate interest from policy makers, program managers, researchers, and donors to respond to and help close evidence gaps hindering the acceleration of reductions in child mortality through private sector approaches.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: All authors completed an ICMJE conflicts of interest form, available upon request from the corresponding author. JZ, DH, CC, SB, TS, and AW disclose grants from USAID during the conduct of the study. MB discloses that resources from USAID sponsored the study and that she works for USAID though received no compensation specifically related to this piece of work. All other authors have nothing to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of CHNRI participants by geographic region. CHNRI − Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of CHNRI Participants. by type of institutional affiliation. CHNRI − Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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