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. 2021 Dec;59(1):31-39.
doi: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1865408.

Hepatoprotective effect of Pandanus odoratissimus seed extracts on paracetamol-induced rats

Ernawati Sinaga  1 , Ami Fitrayadi  1 , Asrori Asrori  1 , Sri Endarti Rahayu  1 , Suprihatin Suprihatin  1 , Vivitri Dewi Prasasty  2
Affiliations

Hepatoprotective effect of Pandanus odoratissimus seed extracts on paracetamol-induced rats

Ernawati Sinaga et al. Pharm Biol. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

Context: Pandanus odoratissimus Linn. (Pandanaceae) seed extract is known to have antioxidant activities. However, the potential hepatoprotective effect is still unclear.

Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotection aspect of P. odoratissimus methanol extract towards paracetamol-induced rats.

Materials and methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six equal groups: one group served as the healthy control and five groups with hepatotoxicity (hepatotoxic control and 4 treatment groups). The oral treatment of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity of 3 g/kg using three different concentrations of P. odoratissimus (300, 600 and 900 mg/kg), and silymarin (200 mg/kg) groups were administered once a day for 14 days. Enzyme activities and protein levels in serum were determined in rats at the end of the treatments. The histopathology of rat livers was observed under an electron microscope with 10× magnification.

Results: Pandanus odoratissimus significantly decreased the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities in induced-paracetamol rat serum (p < 0.05). Moreover, P. odoratissimus significantly decreased total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels (p < 0.05). It significantly blocked the decline of serum albumin and protein levels (p < 0.05). Histopathological changes amplified paracetamol-induced liver damage and the hepatoprotective effect of P. odoratissimus in the liver.

Discussion and conclusions: Pandanus odoratissimus improved the hepatoprotective effect in a concentration-dependent manner by reducing related hepatic enzyme and protein markers, suggesting as a useful agent in hepatotoxicity treatment, and it can be generalized to a broader study population in different hepatotoxic animal models.

Keywords: antioxidant; Anti-hepatotoxicity; histopathology; silymarin.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Effect of P. odoratissimus seed (POS) extract on total bilirubin of serum rats induced by paracetamol. KS: healthy control; KP: hepatotoxic control; KSY: silymarin control; KE1: POS extract 300 mg/kg; KE2: POS extract 600 mg/kg; KE3: POS extract 900 mg/kg.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Effect of P. odoratissimus seed (POS) extract on total direct bilirubin of serum rats induced by paracetamol. KS: healthy control; KP: hepatotoxic control; KSY: silymarin control; KE1: POS extract 300 mg/kg; KE2: POS extract 600 mg/kg; KE3: POS extract 900 mg/kg.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Effect of P. odoratissimus seed (POS) extract on total albumin levels of serum rats induced by paracetamol. KS: healthy control; KP: hepatotoxic control; KSY: silymarin control; KE1: POS extract 300 mg/kg; KE2: POS extract 600 mg/kg; KE3: POS extract 900 mg/kg.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Effect of P. odoratissimus seed (POS) extracts on total protein levels of serum rats induced by paracetamol. KS: healthy control; KP: hepatotoxic control; KSY: silymarin control; KE1: POS extract 300 mg/kg; KE2: POS extract 600 mg/kg; KE3: POS extract 900 mg/kg.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Histological profiles of liver cells in 6 rat cohorts with 10× magnification in focus assay: (a) healthy control; (b) hepatotoxic control showed massive inflammation liver cells; (c) silymarin control at 200 mg/kg indicated inflammation liver cells; (d) P. odoratissimus extract of 300 mg/kg; (e) P. odoratissimus extract of 600 mg/kg; (f) P. odoratissimus extract of 900 mg/kg. Subfigures (d)–(f) demonstrated the healing of liver cells after the extract treatments towards paracetamol intoxication.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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