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. 2021 Jan 6;18(1):1.
doi: 10.1186/s12986-020-00517-0.

The effect of high-fat diet and exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 expression in testis of growing rats

Junpeng Feng  1 , Rui Xu  1   2 , Yafei Li  1 , Qishu Zhou  1 , Ge Song  1 , Yimin Deng  1 , Yi Yan  3
Affiliations

The effect of high-fat diet and exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 expression in testis of growing rats

Junpeng Feng et al. Nutr Metab (Lond). .

Abstract

Purpose: To find the expression of KISS-1 and G protein-coupled receptor 54 in rats testis from PND 21st to 56th.

Method: 128 three-week-old weaned rats underwent high-fat diet and exercise (60-70% VO2max, 1 h/day, 5 days/week) intervention and were randomly divided into group C, CE, HC, or HE. Sample time points were set on the PND 21st, 35th, 43rd, and 56th. The testicular testosterone and the mRNA content, and protein content of KISS-1 and GPR54 in testis tissue were detected by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting.

Result: (1) The protein of KISS-1 and GPR54 increased gradually during the growing period. KISS-1 mRNA peaked at 35D and GPR54 peaked at 43D. (2) High-fat diet affected the expression of the KISS-1/GPR54 system in rat testis and reduced the expression level of KISS-1 protein. (3) 60-70% VO2max exercise decreased the KISS-1/GPR54 expression level. Exercise intervention improved testicular development in rats with a high-fat diet.

Conclusion: The expression of KISS-1/GPR54 increased during the growing period. High-fat diet can downregulate the protein and gene expression of KISS-1/GPR54 and change the expression trend. 60-70% VO2max exercise decreased the expression of KISS-1/GPR54, which may be involved in the effects of exercise on high-fat dietary sex hormone disorders.

Keywords: Growing period; KISS-1/GPR54; Rat; Testis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Testicular Mass of Growing Rats. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 when compared with the same sample point C Group; &p < 0.05, &&p < 0.01 when compared with the same sample point CE Group; $p < 0.05, $$p < 0.01 when compared with the same sample point HC Group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 when compared with the same group at last sample point
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The GSI of growing rats
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Changes in testicular tissue testosterone during different stages of rat growth
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
KISS-1 protein expression in the testis of different stages of rat growth. (as shown in Fig. 4a, c, KiSS-1 protein increases continuously in puberty and reaches its peak at maturity; exercise reduces KISS-1 protein expression level; high-fat diet leads to decrease of KISS-1 protein peak level; exercise can partially improve the abnormal expression of KiSS-1 caused by high-fat diet.)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
GPR54 Protein Expression in the Testis of Different Stages of Rat Growth. (As shown in Fig. 5a, c, GPR54 protein increased abruptly in puberty and reached maturity level; exercise did not change the expression trend of GPR54; high-fat diet led to the sudden increase of GPR54 protein at pre- puberty, and the peak level decreased; exercise can partially improve the abnormal expression of GPR54 induced by high-fat diet.)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
KISS-1 mRNA expression in the testis of different stages of rat growth
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
GPR54 mRNA expression in the testis of different stages of rats growth
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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