Food Safety Challenges in Refugee Camps: What Do We Know?

Abstract

Abstract: Refugee camps provide basic necessities such as food, water, shelter, and medical treatment for displaced persons. Unsanitary conditions in refugee camps due to overcrowding, poor sanitation systems, lack of clean water, and minimal ways to cook and store food can lead to an increased risk of foodborne illness. This article reviews the limited literature on the epidemiology of foodborne illness in refugee camps, effective risk mitigation strategies, and opportunities for future research. Eleven relevant articles were identified, suggesting that research in this area is limited. Identified research focused on three pathogens-Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella, and hepatitis E virus-that can cause serious diseases such as cholera, salmonellosis, typhoid fever, and hepatitis E. Storage and handling of clean water for personal hygiene and food preparation were critical components for ensuring food safety. Knowledge pertaining to best practices for hygiene and food preparation also were identified as important. Gaps in current research include determination of the prevalence of pathogens in food sold in refugee camps and development of culturally relevant food safety supply chain quality management systems. More research that focuses on burden and attribution of foodborne illness and food safety interventions in refugee camps is necessary.

Keywords: Salmonella; Vibrio cholerae; Food safety; Hepatitis E; Refugee camps.