Acute Post-Exercise Blood Pressure Responses in Middle-Aged Persons with Elevated Blood Pressure/Stage 1 Hypertension following Moderate and High-Intensity Isoenergetic Endurance Exercise

Abstract

This study investigated the acute post-exercise hypotension (PEH) response in persons with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension following moderate and high-intensity isoenergetic endurance exercise. Twelve middle-aged persons (six females), with resting systolic and diastolic BP of 130±6 and 84±7 mmHg, participated in three bicycle ergometer bouts: 1) Testing of peak aerobic capacity (VO_2peak), 2) Moderate intensity exercise (MOD) at 66% of VO_2peak, 3) High-intensity exercise (INT) at 80% of VO_2peak. All variables were recorded pre-exercise, during exercise and 0, 5, 10, and 30 minutes post-exercise. The total duration of exercise was 26% longer during MOD than INT (p <0.001), while total energy expenditure (TEE) was similar between exercise conditions (359 ± 69 kcal). Oxygen consumption, heart rate, power output and ratings of perceived exertion was 21, 13, 21 and 26% higher during INT than MOD exercise, respectively (0.05 ≤ p ≤ 0.001). Compared to pre-exercise, systolic BP was significantly lower at 30 min post-exercise following both INT (p < 0.05) and MOD (p < 0.01) exercise, and there was no difference between INT and MOD conditions. Other variables were similar to pre-exercise values at 30 min post-exercise. Linear regression shows that the largest post-exercise reductions in systolic BP was found for the persons with the highest pre-exercise systolic BP (r = 0.58 r² = 0.33, p < 0.003). In conclusion, this study shows that endurance exercise with different intensities and durations, but similar TEE is equally effective in eliciting reductions in the post-exercise systolic BP. Furthermore, the magnitude of PEH response is partly dependent on the individuals' resting blood pressure.

Keywords: Isocaloric exercise; cardiac output; diastolic blood pressure; hemodynamic response; physical activity; post exercise hypotension; systemic vascular resistance; systolic blood pressure.

Figure 1

Relationship between pre-exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) values and the magnitude of post-exercise SBP reductions. Delta SBP values are calculated as SBP values 30 min. post exercise minus SBP pre-exercise values. Open symbols = INT exercise; Closed symbols = MOD exercise.