The effect of an intragastric balloon on weight loss, gastric acid secretion, and serum peptide levels

Abstract

The results of our preliminary experience with the gastric balloon program for weight loss in morbidly obese patients are reported. In a pilot project, we measured gastric-acid secretion, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) levels in ten patients before and during balloon therapy in a study of the impact of the balloon on gastric physiology. Gastric-acid secretion tended to decrease following balloon treatment, while gastrin and CCK levels were unchanged suggesting that weight loss is achieved by mechanisms, which are not mediated by gastrin or CCK. The balloon program was then expanded to a group of 29 patients who met the criteria. They were followed for a period of 4 months. Average weight loss for the group was 31 +/- 4 pounds for a monthly average of 8 pounds. The main complications were gastric ulcers in four patients and a small-bowel obstruction in one patient. Satisfactory weight loss was achieved in 80 per cent of patients, but this benefit must be balanced against a relatively high incidence (17%) of side effects, some of which were quite serious. Therefore, the gastric balloon program should still be considered experimental.