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. 2020 Dec 21:12:603854.
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.603854. eCollection 2020.

Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease in China: An Updated Systematical Analysis

Lei Cui  1   2 , Na-Na Hou  2   3 , Hong-Mei Wu  2 , Xiang Zuo  2 , Yi-Zhi Lian  1 , Chao-Nan Zhang  2 , Zhen-Feng Wang  2 , Xiong Zhang  1 , Jian-Hong Zhu  1   2
Affiliations

Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease in China: An Updated Systematical Analysis

Lei Cui et al. Front Aging Neurosci. .

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two major neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. Demographic aging is in rapid progress in China. Up-to-date estimates of AD and PD prevalence have not been provided. Methods: Studies that reported the prevalence of AD and PD in China were identified via a systematic database search from 1985 to 2018. Meta-analysis, local polynomial regression and autoregressive integrated moving average model were used for analyses. Results: A total of 99 studies were included in the study with populations of 385,312 and 227,228, respectively for AD and PD. The overall prevalence of AD and PD following age standardization was 3.20% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.17-3.23] and 1.06% (95% CI = 1.02-1.10), respectively in individuals over 60 years old. The rates increased drastically for every 10-years increment of age. The yearly prevalence of AD was predicted to increase from 3.81 to 6.17% in the next 5 years. Significant differences were observed between genders [male to female odds ratio (OR) for AD = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.51-0.64; OR for PD = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-1.46], and between education levels (Illiterate to non-illiterate OR for AD = 2.99, 95% CI = 2.38-3.75), but not between urban and rural settings. Conclusion: Our results provide an updated insight into the epidemiology of AD and PD in China and their associated rates and ratios. The findings may facilitate China policy makers and health professionals mitigate the related health issues.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; China; Parkinson's disease; epidemiology; prevalence; systematical analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of study identification. AD, Alzheimer's disease. PD, Parkinson's disease; Reason 1, not population-based; Reason 2, not based in China; Reason 3, no numerical prevalence measurement; Reason 4, conducted in an unrepresentative population, such as hospital-based, in elderly social welfare, etc.; Reason 5, overlapped data in different studies; Reason 6, unclear diagnosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Age-dependent prevalence of AD (A) and PD (B) in China. A total of 285 and 103 data points were used, respectively for AD and PD based on the included studies. AD, Alzheimer's disease. PD, Parkinson's disease.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Prediction of AD prevalence in Chinese over 60 years old in the next 5 years. AD, Alzheimer's disease.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Spatial distribution of AD and PD prevalence rates across China in populations over 60 years old. (A) The prevalence of AD. As a note, the age for Anhui, Gansu, and Chongqing was over 65 years. (B) Age-standardized prevalence of AD. (C) The prevalence of PD. As a note, the age for Hebei and Fujian was over 65 years. (D) Age-standardized prevalence of PD. AD, Alzheimer's disease. PD, Parkinson's disease; y, years old.
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