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. 2020 Dec 7:11:590779.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.590779. eCollection 2020.

Is There Association Between Stress and Bruxism? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Victória Dos Santos Chemelo  1 , Yago Gecy de Sousa Né  1 , Deborah Ribeiro Frazão  1 , Renata Duarte de Souza-Rodrigues  1 , Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes  2 , Marcela Baraúna Magno  3 , Cláudia Maria Tavares da Silva  3 , Lucianne Cople Maia  3 , Rafael Rodrigues Lima  1
Affiliations

Is There Association Between Stress and Bruxism? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Victória Dos Santos Chemelo et al. Front Neurol. .

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate a possible association between stress and bruxism in humans. This study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines under the code CRD42020188862, and the searches were performed on the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. This systematic review evaluated observational studies in adult humans with and without stress to verify the association between bruxism and the presence of stress. The risk of bias was evaluated through the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. In quantitative analysis, the Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated through a fixed-effect model. Furthermore, a summary of the overall strength of evidence was presented using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). A total of 1,458 studies were identified, and six were included in this systematic review. Two studies included were classified with a low risk of bias, and the others were classified with a moderate risk of bias. In three articles, a meta-analysis was performed and showed an association between these two factors (OR 2.07 [1.51, 2.83], p < 0.00001, I 2 = 45%). Besides that, a low certainty of the evidence was detected among this association. Stressed individuals show a higher chance of presenting bruxism when compared to healthy individuals. Despite the low heterogeneity found in the quantitative analysis among the articles reporting an association between stress and bruxism, further studies with similar methods are necessary to understand this relationship better.

Keywords: association; bruxism; meta-analysis; stress; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of databases searched according to PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of association between stress and bruxism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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