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Review
. 2020 Dec 18:10:575569.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.575569. eCollection 2020.

The Extracellular Matrix-Derived Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Personalized Therapy of Malignant Tumors

Elena V Petersen  1 , Daria A Chudakova  2 , Ekaterina Yu Skorova  1 , Vladimir Anikin  3   4 , Igor V Reshetov  1   4 , Ospan A Mynbaev  1
Affiliations
Review

The Extracellular Matrix-Derived Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Personalized Therapy of Malignant Tumors

Elena V Petersen et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

The tumor biomarkers already have proven clinical value and have become an integral part in cancer management and modern translational oncology. The tumor tissue microenvironment (TME), which includes extracellular matrix (ECM), signaling molecules, immune and stromal cells, and adjacent non-tumorous tissue, contributes to cancer pathogenesis. Thus, TME-derived biomarkers have many clinical applications. This review is predominately based on the most recent publications (manuscripts published in a last 5 years, or seminal publications published earlier) and fills a gap in the current literature on the cancer biomarkers derived from the TME, with particular attention given to the ECM and products of its processing and degradation, ECM-associated extracellular vesicles (EVs), biomechanical characteristics of ECM, and ECM-derived biomarkers predicting response to the immunotherapy. We discuss the clinical utility of the TME-incorporating three-dimensional in vitro and ex vivo cell culture models for personalized therapy. We conclude that ECM is a critical driver of malignancies and ECM-derived biomarkers should be included in diagnostics and prognostics panels of markers in the clinic.

Keywords: 3D cell culture; biomarkers; cancer; extracellular matrix; extracellular vesicles; personalized therapy; tumor microenvironment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic depiction of the TME and its multiple roles in the tumor initiation and progression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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