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Review
. 2020 Dec 16:8:626182.
doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.626182. eCollection 2020.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis-A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

Jeremy C McMurray  1 , Joseph W May  1   2   3 , Madeleine W Cunningham  4 , Olcay Y Jones  1   3   5
Affiliations
Review

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis-A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

Jeremy C McMurray et al. Front Pediatr. .

Abstract

MIS-C is a newly defined post-viral myocarditis and inflammatory vasculopathy of children following COVID-19 infection. This review summarizes the literature on diagnosis, parameters of disease severity, and current treatment regimens. The clinical perspective was analyzed in light of potential immunopathogenesis and compared to other post-infectious and inflammatory illnesses of children affecting the heart. In this paradigm, the evidence supports the importance of endothelial injury and activation of the IL-1 pathway as a common determinant among MIS-C, Kawasaki disease, and Acute Rheumatic fever.

Keywords: IL-1 (interleukin-1); MIS-C; coronary artery aneurysm; myocarditis; vasculitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Initial recognition and management of MIS-C.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Management of patients presenting with MIS-C.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Management algorithm based on the patient's clinical status and response to initial treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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