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. 2021 Oct;43(5):990-999.
doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13456. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Expression of CD304/neuropilin-1 in adult b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and its utility for the measurable residual disease assessment

Gaurav Chatterjee  1 , Vishesh Dudakia  1 , Sitaram Ghogale  1 , Nilesh Deshpande  1 , Karishma Girase  1 , Anumeha Chaturvedi  1 , Dhanlaxmi Shetty  2 , Manju Senger  3 , Hasmukh Jain  3 , Bhausaheb Bagal  3 , Avinash Bonda  3 , Sachin Punatar  3 , Anant Gokarn  3 , Navin Khattry  3 , Nikhil V Patkar  1 , Sumeet Gujral  4 , Papagudi G Subramanian  1 , Prashant R Tembhare  1
Affiliations

Expression of CD304/neuropilin-1 in adult b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and its utility for the measurable residual disease assessment

Gaurav Chatterjee et al. Int J Lab Hematol. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: Many new markers are being evaluated to increase the sensitivity and applicability of multicolor flow cytometry (MFC)-based measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring. However, most of the studies are limited to childhood B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL), and reports in adult B-ALL are extremely scarce and limited to small cohorts. We studied the expression of CD304/neuropilin-1 in a large cohort of adult B-ALL patients and evaluated its practical utility in MFC-based MRD analysis.

Methods: CD304 was studied in blasts from adult B-ALL patients and normal precursor B cells (NPBC) from non-B-ALL bone marrow samples using MFC. CD304 expression intensity and pattern were studied with normalized-mean fluorescent intensity (nMFI) and coefficient of variation of immunofluorescence (CVIF), respectively. MFC-based MRD was performed at end of induction (EOI; day-35), end of consolidation (EOC; day 78-80), and subsequent follow-up (SFU) time points.

Results: CD304 was positive in 120/214(56.07%) and was significantly associated with BCR-ABL1 fusion (P = .001). EOI-MRD and EOC-MRD were positive in 129/214(60.3%) and 50/81(61.72%), respectively. CD304 was positive in a significant percentage of EOI (48%, 62/129) and EOC (52%, 26/50) MRD-positive B-ALL samples. Its expression was retained, lost, and gained in 73.7%, 26.3%, and 11.3% of EOI-MRD and 85.7%, 14.3%, and none of EOC-MRD samples, respectively. Low-level MRD (<0.01%) was detectable in 34 of all (EOI + EOC + SFU = 189) MRD-positive samples, and CD304 was found useful in 50% of these samples.

Conclusion: CD304 is commonly expressed in adult B-ALL and clearly distinguish B-ALL blasts from normal precursor B cells. It is a stable MRD marker and distinctly useful in the detection of MFC-based MRD monitoring, especially in high-sensitivity MRD assay.

Keywords: CD304; adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic Leukemia; measurable residual disease.

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