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. 2021 Jan 12;11(1):627.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79963-y.

Functional impact of allelic variations/haplotypes of TNF-α on reproductive tract infections in Indian women

Vineeta Sharma  1   2 , Subash Chandra Sonkar  3   4 , Pallavi Singhal  1 , Anoop Kumar  5 , Rakesh Kumar Singh  6 , V G Ramachandran  2 , Roopa Hariprasad  7 , Daman Saluja  4 , Mausumi Bharadwaj  8
Affiliations

Functional impact of allelic variations/haplotypes of TNF-α on reproductive tract infections in Indian women

Vineeta Sharma et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to investigate the functional role of TNF-α single-nucleotide polymorphisms/haplotypes in an association with reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in symptomatic and asymptomatic women. A total of 850 consecutive subjects consisting of 400 cases and 450 healthy controls, were screened for RTIs, along with their risk factors and associated symptoms. The propensity score matching was performed to reduce the confounding bias arise owing to covariates and to balance the data between two groups. A total of 211 pairs (1:1) have been created. Genotyping of rs1800629 (-308) and rs361525 (-238) SNPs of TNF-α was done by PCR-RFLP followed by sequencing. The functional implication of TNF-α SNPs in an association with RTIs was also checked by using ELISA. The frequency of -238A allele and -308A allele was found to be twofold (P < 0.0001) and threefold (P < 0.0001) higher in the presence of RTIs. AA haplotype emerged as a major player in an association with RTIs and elevated TNF-α expression. The present study revealed the functional role of rs1800629 (-308) and rs361525 (-238) of TNF-α in an association with RTIs. This information may be used to establish biomarkers for an inflammatory response during the persistence of RTIs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Association of different symptoms in patients infected with HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Neisseria Gonorrhea in cases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TNF-α concentration in cases and controls.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bar diagram showing the prevalence of RTIs with TNF-α concentration.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bar diagram showing TNF-α concentration in association of GG, GA and AA haplotype.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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