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. 2021 Jan 12;11(1):665.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80264-7.

Integrated mRNA and miRNA expression profile analysis of female and male gonads in Hyriopsis cumingii

Ya-Yu Wang  1   2   3 , Sheng-Hua Duan  1   2   3 , Gui-Ling Wang  4   5   6 , Jia-Le Li  1   2   3
Affiliations

Integrated mRNA and miRNA expression profile analysis of female and male gonads in Hyriopsis cumingii

Ya-Yu Wang et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Hyriopsis cumingii is an important species for freshwater pearl cultivation in China. In terms of pearl production, males have larger pearls and better glossiness than females, but there are few reports focusing on the sex of H. cumingii. In this study, six mRNA and six microRNA (miRNA) libraries were prepared from ovaries and testes. Additionally, 28,502 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 32 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Compared with testis, 14,360 mRNAs and 20 miRNAs were up-regulated in ovary, 14,142 mRNAs and 12 miRNAs were down-regulated. In DEGs, the known genes related to sex determinism and/or differentiation were also identified, such as DMRT1, SOX9, SF1 for males, FOXL2 for females, and other potentially significant candidate genes. Three sex-related pathways have also been identified, which are Wnt, Notch, and TGF-beta. In 32 DEMs, the three miRNAs (miR-9-5p, miR-92, miR-184) were paid more attention, they predicted 28 target genes, which may also be candidates for sex-related miRNAs and genes. Differential miRNAs target genes analysis reveals the pathway associated with oocyte meiosis and spermatogenesis. Overall, the findings of the study provide significant insights to enhance our understanding of sex differentiation and/or sex determination mechanisms for H. cumingii.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Heatmap plots for differentially expressed miRNAs between Group_F and Group_M. Sample names are represented in columns and significant miRNAs are represented in rows. miRNAs are clustered together based on their expression similarity. The color indicates the Z_score from high (red) to low (blue).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The relative expression of different miRNAs revealed by real-time quantitative PCR. Data are shown as mean ± SD (standard deviation) of tissues from three separate individuals. The figure is drawn by GraphPad Prism (version 8.0.1) software (https://www.graphpad.com/).
Figure 3
Figure 3
GO and KEGG analysis of differential target genes. (a) Integrate analysis of mRNA and miRNA. Venn diagram representing the intersection between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the Group_F and Group_M. (b) Bubble diagramv of KEGG enrichment analysis. (c) GO enrichment analysis.
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