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Review
. 2021 Mar;51(2):235-251.
doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.10.001. Epub 2021 Jan 11.

Forelimb Examination, Lameness Assessment, and Kinetic and Kinematic Gait Analysis

Darryl Millis  1 , Krysta Janas  2
Affiliations
Review

Forelimb Examination, Lameness Assessment, and Kinetic and Kinematic Gait Analysis

Darryl Millis et al. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2021 Mar.

Abstract

This article contains a guide for small animal practitioners to use when confronted with the challenge of diagnosing a forelimb lameness. The examination begins by monitoring the dog at a stance and a visual gait assessment. A hands-on evaluation includes the initial examination, checking for asymmetry and muscle atrophy while the dog is standing, and step-by-step instructions for a thorough forelimb examination.

Keywords: Examination; Forelimb; Gait; Kinematics; Kinetics; Lameness; Thoracic limb.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure No proprietary interest or funding was provided for this article.

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