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Review
. 2021 Jan 15;10(1):172.
doi: 10.3390/cells10010172.

Future Directions in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma

Alannah Smrke  1 , Peter M Anderson  2 , Ashish Gulia  3 , Spyridon Gennatas  1 , Paul H Huang  4 , Robin L Jones  1   4
Affiliations
Review

Future Directions in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma

Alannah Smrke et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma and is often diagnosed in the 2nd-3rd decades of life. Response to the aggressive and highly toxic neoadjuvant methotrexate-doxorubicin-cisplatin (MAP) chemotherapy schedule is strongly predictive of outcome. Outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma have not significantly changed for over thirty years. There is a need for more effective treatment for patients with high risk features but also reduced treatment-related toxicity for all patients. Predictive biomarkers are needed to help inform clinicians to de-escalate or add therapy, including immune therapies, and to contribute to future clinical trial designs. Here, we review a variety of approaches to improve outcomes and quality of life for patients with osteosarcoma with a focus on incorporating toxicity reduction, immune therapy and molecular analysis to provide the most effective and least toxic osteosarcoma therapy.

Keywords: MAP; adolescent and young adult; chemotherapy; genomic heterogeneity; immunotherapy; osteosarcoma; patient outcomes.

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Conflict of interest statement

R.L.J. is the recipient of grants/research support from MSD, GSK. R.L.J. is the recipient of consultation fees from Adaptimmune, Athenex, Blueprint, Clinigen, Eisai, Epizyme, Daichii, Deciphera, Immunedesign, Lilly, Merck, Pharmamar, UptoDate. PA has a patent on glutamine+trehalose combinations to reduce mucositis (commercial product is Healios distributed by Enlivity.com and Amazon). All other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

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