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. 2021 Jan-Feb;84(1):31-36.
doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20210006.

Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in patients with glaucoma: a cross-sectional study

Ricardo Yuji Abe  1   2 , Ludmila Nascimento P Silva  1 , Daniela Mendes Silva  2 , José Paulo Cabral Vasconcellos  2 , Vital Paulino Costa  2
Affiliations

Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in patients with glaucoma: a cross-sectional study

Ricardo Yuji Abe et al. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2021 Jan-Feb.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Purpose: Our goal was to analyze the prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with glaucoma and to identify risk factors related to these disorders.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2016 and August 2017 at the Hospital das Clínicas of Universidade Estadual de Campinas and at the Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília to evaluate the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among patients diagnosed with glaucoma. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination with standard automated perimetry to confirm the diagnosis of glaucoma. All participants were asked to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire.

Results: One hundred and twenty-nine patients were included in the study. Seventy-four were men (57.36%) and 55 (42.64%) were women. The mean age of the patients was 70.14 ± 15.8 years. Ninety participants were white (69.77%) and 38 (29.46%) were black. The study demonstrated a prevalence of depression and/or anxiety at 10.08%. Logistic regression revealed that women were at higher risk for anxiety and/or depression (OR: 5.25, p=0.015) and patients with a larger number of comorbidities also were at higher risk for anxiety and/or depressive disorders (OR: 2.82, p=0.038).

Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with glaucoma present with depression and/or anxiety. Females and patients with comorbidities are at greater risk for these disorders.

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de transtornos de depressão e ansiedade em pacientes com glaucoma e identificar fatores de riscos associados.

Métodos: Estudo transversal em pacientes com glaucoma, avaliados durante Agosto de 2016 e Agosto de 2017 no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de Campinas e no Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília. Todos pacientes foram submetidos à exame oftalmológico completo para confirmar o diagnóstico de glaucoma. Todos pacientes preencheram o questionário “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale”.

Resultados: Foram incluídos 129 pacientes no estudo, sendo 74 homens (57.36%) e 55 (42.64%) mulheres, 90 pacientes eram brancos (69.77%) e 38 (29.46%) eram negros. A idade média foi de 70.14 ± 15.8 anos. O estudo demonstrou uma prevalência de 10.08% de transtornos depressivo e/ou ansiedade. A regressão logística demonstrou que mulheres apresentam maior risco de desenvolver transtornos depressivos e/ou ansiedade (Risco relativo: 5.25, p=0.015), assim como pacientes com maior número de co-morbidades clínicas (Risco relativo: 2.82, p=0.038).

Conclusão: Uma proporção significativa dos pacientes com glaucoma podem apresentar transtornos de depressão e/ ou ansiedade. Pacientes com glaucoma do sexo feminino e que apresentem maiores co-morbidades clínicas apresentam maior risco de apresentar esses transtornos.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest: None of the authors have any potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

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