Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antidiabetic Proprieties of LC-MS/MS Identified Polyphenols from Coriander Seeds

Abstract

Coriandrum sativum L. seeds are traditionally used to treat diabetes and its complications (inflammation and formation of reactive oxygen species) around the world. The present study investigates the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the polyphenol fraction of Coriandrum sativum seeds (PCS). Diabetic mice were orally administered with PCS (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 28 days. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) was also evaluated along with the anti-inflammatory effect, assessed by measuring paw edema development induced with carrageenan in Wistar rat and the antioxidant activity assessed using two tests (β-carotene discoloration and DPPH). Treatment of diabetic mice with PCS for four weeks managed their high fasting blood glucose levels, improved their overall health, also revealed an excellent antihyperlipidemic activity. The OGTT result showed a potent antihyperglycemic activity, and following the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, the PCS exhibited a perfect activity. LC-MS/MS result revealed the presence of 9 polyphenols. This modest work indicates that the PCS have an important antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effect that can be well established treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Keywords: Coriandrum sativum L.; DPPH; anti-inflammatory; antidiabetic; antihyperglycemic; antihyperlipidemic; antioxidant propriety; polyphenols; β-carotene discoloration.

Figure 1

Selected fragments derive from the molecular weight of the polyphenol minus one (due to ESI- ionization) and their subsequent fragmentation in MS/MS experiment. Notes: Vanillic acid in black, Chlorogenic acid in violet, Catechin/Epicathechin in dark blue, Oleuropein in dark green, Epicathechin gallate in brown, Rutin in light green, Gallocathechin/Epigallocathechin in light blue.

Figure 2

2D structure of PCS-identified molecules.

Figure 3

Four-week administration of PCS effect on fasting blood glucose. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5 mice). *** p < 0.001 compared to diabetic control.

Figure 4

Effect of PCS on Plasma lipid profile in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice after 28 days of experiments. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5 mice). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared to diabetic control.

Figure 5

Effect of PCS on blood glucose level in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice during oral glucose tolerance (OGTT). Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5 mice). *** p < 0.001compared to normal control.

Figure 6

Effect of PCS on edema volume inhibition in carrageenan-induced paw edema Wistar rats.