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. 2020 Dec 16;44(6):1663-1673.
doi: 10.3906/kim-2007-67. eCollection 2020.

Comparison of antioxidant capacities and antioxidant components of commercial bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) products

Esin AkyÜz  1 , Sercan TÜrkoĞlu  2 , Kevser SÖzgen BaŞkan  1 , Esma TÜtem  1 , Mustafa Reşat Apak  1
Affiliations

Comparison of antioxidant capacities and antioxidant components of commercial bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) products

Esin AkyÜz et al. Turk J Chem. .

Abstract

In this study, the total phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacities of some commercial bitter melon products (powder, packaged powder, capsule, paste in olive oil), and of unripe and ripe fruits were determined by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. The total antioxidant capacities of unripe and ripe bitter melon samples, determined by using the CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid))/HRP (horseradish peroxidase) methods, were 42.5 and 36.3 µmol TRE (Trolox equivalent) g-1, and 8.7 and 7.0 µmol TRE g-1, respectively. The TAC (total antioxidant capacity) order of the studied samples using the same 2 methods were determined as follows: capsule (CUPRAC value, 140.8; ABTS/HRP value, 143.6 µmol TRE g-1) > packaged powder (129.6; 126.1) > powder (52.3; 64.3) > unripe fruit (42.5; 36.3) > paste in olive oil (17.6; 14.4) > ripe fruit (8.7; 7.0). The order of phenolic content was found as follows: unripe fruit (193.2 µmol GAE (gallic acid equivalent) g-1) > capsule (162.0) > packaged powder (160.6) > powder (83.6) > paste in olive oil (38.3) > ripe fruit (14.6).

Keywords: ABTS; CUPRAC; HPLC; Momordica charantia; bitter melon; total antioxidant capacity; total phenolic content.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: none declared

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Spectra of extracts of powdered bitter melon sample containing MeOH-water (A) and EtOH-water (B) in different proportions (100%, 80%, 50%), and the comparison of the spectra of 80% MeOH-water and 80% EtOH-water (C) extracts.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of CUPRAC (μmol TRE g–1), ABTS/HRP (μmol TRE g–1), and Folin (μmol GAE g–1), method findings of bitter melon samples.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chromatograms (at 270 nm) of the synthetic mixture containing various antioxidant standards (A), 80% MeOH (v/v) extracts of unripe fruit (B), ripe fruit (C), powder (D), and capsule products (1: Gallic acid, 2: Gentisic acid, 3: Catechin, 4: Vanilic acid, 5: Chlorogenic acid, 6: Syringic acid, 7: Epicatechin, 8: p-Coumaric acid, 9: Benzoic acid, 10: Rutin, 11: Quercetin).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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