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. 2021 Jan 7;6(2):1647-1656.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05616. eCollection 2021 Jan 19.

Effective Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Ciprofloxacin over Flower-like Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 Composites

Baikang Zhu  1   2 , Debin Song  1 , Tianbo Jia  1 , Wuyang Sun  1   2 , Dongguang Wang  1 , Luhui Wang  1 , Jian Guo  1 , Linglei Jin  1 , Lu Zhang  3 , Hengcong Tao  1
Affiliations

Effective Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Ciprofloxacin over Flower-like Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 Composites

Baikang Zhu et al. ACS Omega. .

Abstract

Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollution is a vital path to deal with environmental problems. Here, a direct Z-scheme 2D/2D heterojunction of a Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 photocatalyst is fabricated for the degradation of ciprofloxacin by a self-assembly strategy. Furthermore, to characterize the morphology of the obtained composite photocatalysts, various kinds of characterization methods were employed like XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. It is indicated that the flower-like photocatalyst is composed of nanosheets. Comparable photocatalysts were prepared by controlling the hydrothermal temperature and the iron content. In the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water, under visible light irradiation, FB-180 (synthesized at 180 °C with 4% iron content) presents approximately 99.7% degradation efficiency in only 15 min. Meanwhile, during photocatalytic degradation reactions, the Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 heterojunction also displayed excellent stability, which still kept above 90% degradation efficiency after five consecutive cycles. UV-Vis DRS and M-S analyses showed that the Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 catalyst has a strong visible light absorption capacity and the transfer pathway of photo-induced charge carriers. PL, EIS, and TPR showed that Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 has an efficient separation and transfer rate of the photo-generated carriers. ESR analysis proved that the superoxide radical (•O2 -) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) play a major role in the Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 photocatalytic system. This special 2D/2D heterojunction we proposed may have huge potential for marine pollution treatment by photocatalysis degradation with dramatically boosted activities.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) XRD patterns of Fe3O4 nanosheets, Bi2WO6, and FB-180; (b) XPS survey spectra of the FB-180; high-resolution spectra of (c) Fe 2p and (d) Bi 4f.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1. Synthetic Strategy for Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 Preparation
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a,b) SEM images of the FB-180; (c,d) TEM images of FB-180; (e) HRTEM images of the FB-180 (Inset: FFT of the region marked in the red square); and (f) EDX mapping profiles of Fe, Bi, O, and W.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Effect of adsorption time on the degradation efficiency; (b) photodegradation of CIP (10 mg L–1, 100 mL) by FB-X (X = 120, 140, 160, 180, and 200); (c) photodegradation of CIP by catalysts with different iron content; (d) and cycling tests for CIP decomposition by FB-180.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) UV–vis DRS of Fe3O4/Bi2WO6(FB-180), Bi2WO6, Fe3O4, and Tauc’s plots of Bi2WO6; (b) TPR spectra; (c) EIS spectra of FB-x (x =120, 140, 160, 180, and 200), Bi2WO6, and Fe3O4; and (d) PL spectra of Bi2WO6 and FB-180.
Figure 5
Figure 5
ESR signals of Bi2WO6 and FB-180 for (a) DMPO-•O2– and (b) DMPO-•OH.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic illustration of the proposed photocatalysis mechanism of the direct Z-scheme Fe3O4/Bi2WO6 heterojunction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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