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Review
. 2021 Jan 25;23(2):145.
doi: 10.3390/e23020145.

Anaerobic Digestion for Producing Renewable Energy-The Evolution of This Technology in a New Uncertain Scenario

Cristián Arenas Sevillano  1 , Alby Aguilar Pesantes  2 , Elizabeth Peña Carpio  3 , Elia J Martínez  1 , Xiomar Gómez  1
Affiliations
Review

Anaerobic Digestion for Producing Renewable Energy-The Evolution of This Technology in a New Uncertain Scenario

Cristián Arenas Sevillano et al. Entropy (Basel). .

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is a well-known technology with wide application in the treatment of high-strength organic wastes. The economic feasibility of this type of installation is usually attained thanks to the availability of fiscal incentives. In this review, an analysis of the different factors associated with this biological treatment and a description of alternatives available in literature for increasing performance of the process were provided. The possible integration of this process into a biorefinery as a way for producing energy and chemical products from the conversion of wastes and biomass also analyzed. The future outlook of anaerobic digestion will be closely linked to circular economy principles. Therefore, this technology should be properly integrated into any production system where energy can be recovered from organics. Digestion can play a major role in any transformation process where by-products need further stabilization or it can be the central core of any waste treatment process, modifying the current scheme by a concatenation of several activities with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the conversion. Thus, current plants dedicated to the treatment of wastewaters, animal manures, or food wastes can become specialized centers for producing bio-energy and green chemicals. However, high installation costs, feedstock dispersion and market distortions were recognized as the main parameters negatively affecting these alternatives.

Keywords: biogas valorization; energy production; lignocellulosic pre-treatment; process integration; techno-economic performance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) converted into an energy producing center. Anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis are integrated for the combined treatment of sewage sludge.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic representation of the different processes involved in a biorefinery to transform biomass into chemicals and energy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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