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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Jan 6:2021:8886085.
doi: 10.1155/2021/8886085. eCollection 2021.

The Relationship between Helicobacter pylori Infection of the Gallbladder and Chronic Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liang Wang  1   2 , Junyin Chen  1   3 , Wenxi Jiang  1 , Li Cen  1 , Jiaqi Pan  1 , Chaohui Yu  1 , Youming Li  1 , Weixing Chen  1 , Chunxiao Chen  1 , Zhe Shen  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The Relationship between Helicobacter pylori Infection of the Gallbladder and Chronic Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liang Wang et al. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. .

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is proved to be the main pathogenic agent of various diseases, including chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. In addition, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are common worldwide, which are supposed to increase the total mortality of patients. Epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between H. pylori infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis still remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of overall studies to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis. Two researchers searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to obtain all related and eligible studies published before July 2020. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the random-effects model. Subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 1735 participants and 1197 patients with chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis. Helicobacter species infection of the gallbladder was positively correlated with increased risk of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, especially H. pylori (OR = 3.05; 95% CI, 1.81-5.14; I 2 = 23.5%). Besides, country-based subgroup analysis also showed a positive correlation between the gallbladder H. pylori positivity and chronic cholecystitis/cholelithiasis risk. For Asian and non-Asian country studies, the ORs were 4.30 (95% CI, 1.76-10.50; I 2 = 37.4%) and 2.13 (95% CI, 1.23-3.70; I 2 = 0.0%), respectively. The association was more obvious using the bile sample and urease gene primer. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provided evidence that there is a positive correlation between H. pylori infection in the gallbladder and increased risk of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the systematic review of the literature.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pooled ORs for the relationship between Helicobacter species infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. The areas of the squares are proportional to the study sample sizes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pooled ORs for the relationship between H. pylori infection of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis: (a) subgroup based on country; (b) subgroup based on sample; (c) subgroup based on specific primer. The areas of the squares are proportional to the study sample sizes.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plot. The distribution of dots is relatively symmetrical, suggesting no strong evidence or publication bias.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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