Effect of different doses of phytase and protein content of soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone characteristics of broilers

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of high phytase doses and soybean meal (SBM) with different CP content on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, digestible energy, plasmatic myo-inositol, phosphate release in vitro, and bone composition of broiler chickens. One thousand two hundred 1-day-old broilers were distributed in a 2 × 2 completely randomized factorial arrangement, with 2 phytase doses (1,000 and 2,500 phytase units [FYT]/kg of feed) and 2 SBM with different CP concentrations (45 and 47%), totaling 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 25 birds each. The chickens received feed and water ad libitum. Diets were based on corn and SBM, with different inclusions of soybean hull used to dilute the CP content of SBM according to each treatment. The inclusion of 2,500 FYT increased weight gain from 0 to 21 d (P < 0.05), whereas growth performance from 22 to 42 d was not affected, and SBM had no effect on growth performance. At day 21, ileal digestibility of dry matter, ash, and P, and digestible energy were greater in diets with 2,500 FYT/kg (P < 0.05), as well as phosphate in vitro release (P < 0.01) compared to the lower dose. At day 42, diets with SBM 47% CP and 2,500 FYT/kg promoted greater digestibility of dry matter, ash, CP, Ca, P, and digestible energy (P < 0.001), and greater phosphate release (P < 0.05) in comparison to other treatments. myo-inositol level in the plasma at 21 and 42 d was higher with the use of 2,500 FYT compared to 1,000 FYT (P < 0.05). The higher phytase dose increased tibia ash, toe ash, and Seedor Index (P < 0.05) at day 21, and the Ca content in tibia was higher with 2,500 FYT and SBM 47% CP at day 42. In conclusion, higher phytase doses for broilers improve weight gain, myo-inositol provision, and bone mineral composition. Nutrient ileal digestibility can be enhanced by higher phytase doses when in combination with SBM of greater nutritional quality.

Keywords: P; phytase; poultry; protein; soybean meal.

Figure 1

Effect of different phytase doses on phosphate in vitro release of corn- and soybean meal-based starter diets of broiler chickens (P < 0.01; SEM = 18.012). Means followed by different superscripted letters (a, b) differ (P < 0.05). Abbreviation: FYT, phytase units.

Figure 2

Effect of protein concentration of SBM and different phytase doses on phosphate in vitro release of corn- and SBM-based grower/finisher diets of broiler chickens (P < 0.05; SEM = 22.670). Means followed by different superscripted letters (a, b) differ (P < 0.05). Abbreviations: FYT, phytase units; SBM, soybean meal.