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. 2021 Jan 28;11(2):334.
doi: 10.3390/ani11020334.

Cellulase Interacts with Lactic Acid Bacteria to Affect Fermentation Quality, Microbial Community, and Ruminal Degradability in Mixed Silage of Soybean Residue and Corn Stover

Chao Zhao  1 , Lihua Wang  1 , Guangming Ma  1 , Xin Jiang  1 , Jinshan Yang  1 , Jingyi Lv  1 , Yonggen Zhang  1
Affiliations

Cellulase Interacts with Lactic Acid Bacteria to Affect Fermentation Quality, Microbial Community, and Ruminal Degradability in Mixed Silage of Soybean Residue and Corn Stover

Chao Zhao et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase (CE) on the fermentation quality, rumen degradation rate and bacterial community of mixed silage of soybean residue (SR) and corn stover (CS). The experiment adopted a single-factor experimental design. Four treatment groups were set up: the control group (CON), lactic acid bacteria treatment group (LAB), cellulase treatment group (CE) and lactic acid bacteria + cellulase treatment group (LAB + CE). Among them, the amount of added LAB was 1 × 106 CFU/g, and the amount of added CE was 100 U/g. After 56 days of mixed silage, samples were taken and analyzed, and the chemical composition, fermentation quality, rumen degradation rate and microbial diversity were determined. The results showed that the pH of each treatment group was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of CON, while the lactic acid and ammoniacal nitrogen contents of each treatment group were significantly higher than that of CON, with the highest contents in the LAB + CE group. The contents of DNFom (Ash-free NDF), ADFom (Ash-free ADF) and DM in the LAB + CE group were significantly lower than those in the CON group, while the content of crude protein (CP) was significantly higher than that in the CON group. The in situ effective degradation rates of DM (ISDMD), DNF (ISNDFD) and CP (ISCPD) were all significantly (p < 0.05) higher in each treatment group than in the control group. The results of principal component analysis showed that the bacterial composition of the LAB, CE and LAB + CE groups was significantly different from that of the CON group (p < 0.05). Bacterial genus level analysis showed that the content of lactic acid bacteria was significantly higher in the LAB + CE group than in the other treatment groups (p < 0.05), while the content of undesirable bacteria was significantly lower than in the other treatment groups. The results showed that the addition of Lactobacillus and/or cellulase in mixed silage of SR and CS could effectively improve the quality of mixed silage fermentation, rumen degradation rate and microbial diversity, with better results when Lactobacillus and cellulase were added together, which provides new ideas for better application of SR and CS in dairy production.

Keywords: cellulase; corn straw; lactic acid bacteria; microbial community; mixed silage; soybean residue.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal component analysis of soybean residue and straw mixed silage bacterial community by cellulase and Lactobacillus. (Control = untreated feed; LAB = lactic acid bacteria; CE = cellulase; L_E = lactic acid bacteria +cellulase; 1, 2, 3, three replicates for each treatment).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cellulase and lactic acid bacteria in the bacterial community and the relative abundance of soybean residue and corn stover in mixed silage. (Control = untreated feed; LAB = lactic acid bacteria; CE = cellulase; L_E = lactic acid bacteria +cellulase; 1, 2, 3, three replicates for each treatment).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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