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. 2021 Jul-Aug;25(4):364-370.
doi: 10.1177/1203475420988862. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Durability of Complete Response to Intralesional Interleukin-2 for In-Transit Melanoma

Sami Khoury  1 , Gregory C Knapp  2 , Allison Fyfe  3 , Jose Monzon  4 , Claire Temple-Oberle  5 , Gregory J McKinnon  2
Affiliations

Durability of Complete Response to Intralesional Interleukin-2 for In-Transit Melanoma

Sami Khoury et al. J Cutan Med Surg. 2021 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

Background: Intralesional injection of interleukin-2 (IL-2) for in-transit melanoma (ITM) is associated with a high rate of complete response. However, there is a paucity of data on treatment durability and long-term outcomes.

Objectives: To provide long-term data on patients with a complete response to IL-2 therapy for ITM.

Methods: Consecutive patients with ITM, treated with intralesional IL-2 therapy, at the Tom Baker Cancer Center were identified from April 2009 to August 2019. All patients received at least 4 cycles (every 2 weeks) of IL-2 (5 MIU/mL). Complete response was defined as sustained (ie, 3 months) clinical complete remission of all known in-transit disease.

Results: Sixty-five patients were treated with curative intent for in-transit disease with intralesional IL-2. Complete clinical response was identified in 44.6% (29/65). In this subset of patients, the median number of lesions per patient was 9 (range 1-40). The median total dose of IL-2 was 0.8 mL (IQR 0.4-1.5) per lesion. One patient received isolated limb infusion and 13.8% (4/29) received systemic immunotherapy as part of their initial management. At a median follow-up of 27 months (IQR 16-59), 34.5% (10/29) developed recurrent disease. Of these patients, 50.0% (5/10) presented with synchronous in-transit and distant metastases. The median time to recurrence was 10.5 months (IQR 5.8-16.3).

Conclusion: With long-term follow-up, 65.5% of complete responders have a durable response to intralesional IL-2 therapy. In this cohort of patients, local in-transit recurrence is most likely to occur within 12 months and is often associated with concomitant distant disease.

Keywords: in-transit melanoma; intralesional interleukin-2 (IL-2); recurrence.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan-Meier curve of disease-free survival in patients with cCR to IL-2 therapy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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