The soundscape of the Anthropocene ocean

Carlos M Duarte^{1

2}, Lucille Chapuis³, Shaun P Collin⁴, Daniel P Costa⁵, Reny P Devassy⁶, Victor M Eguiluz⁷, Christine Erbe⁸, Timothy A C Gordon^{3

9}, Benjamin S Halpern^{10

11}, Harry R Harding¹², Michelle N Havlik⁶, Mark Meekan⁹, Nathan D Merchant¹³, Jennifer L Miksis-Olds¹⁴, Miles Parsons^{9

8}, Milica Predragovic⁶, Andrew N Radford¹², Craig A Radford¹⁵, Stephen D Simpson³, Hans Slabbekoorn¹⁶, Erica Staaterman¹⁷, Ilse C Van Opzeeland¹⁸, Jana Winderen¹⁹, Xiangliang Zhang²⁰, Francis Juanes²¹

Affiliations

¹ Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. carlos.duarte@kaust.edu.sa.
² Arctic Research Centre, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark.
³ Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK.
⁴ School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
⁵ Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.
⁶ Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), E07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
⁸ Centre for Marine Science & Technology, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
⁹ Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
¹⁰ National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.
¹¹ Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
¹² School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
¹³ Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK.
¹⁴ Center for Acoustics Research and Education, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
¹⁵ Institute of Marine Science, Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, P.O. Box 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand.
¹⁶ Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
¹⁷ Beneath the Waves, P.O. Box 126, Herndon, VA 20172, USA.
¹⁸ Alfred-Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
¹⁹ Schweigaardsgate 80, 0656 Oslo, Norway.
²⁰ Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
²¹ Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.

PMID: 33542110
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba4658

Review

The soundscape of the Anthropocene ocean

Carlos M Duarte et al. Science. 2021.

. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):eaba4658.

doi: 10.1126/science.aba4658.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. carlos.duarte@kaust.edu.sa.
² Arctic Research Centre, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark.
³ Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK.
⁴ School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
⁵ Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.
⁶ Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), E07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
⁸ Centre for Marine Science & Technology, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
⁹ Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
¹⁰ National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.
¹¹ Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
¹² School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
¹³ Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK.
¹⁴ Center for Acoustics Research and Education, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
¹⁵ Institute of Marine Science, Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, P.O. Box 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand.
¹⁶ Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
¹⁷ Beneath the Waves, P.O. Box 126, Herndon, VA 20172, USA.
¹⁸ Alfred-Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
¹⁹ Schweigaardsgate 80, 0656 Oslo, Norway.
²⁰ Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
²¹ Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.

PMID: 33542110
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba4658

Abstract

Oceans have become substantially noisier since the Industrial Revolution. Shipping, resource exploration, and infrastructure development have increased the anthrophony (sounds generated by human activities), whereas the biophony (sounds of biological origin) has been reduced by hunting, fishing, and habitat degradation. Climate change is affecting geophony (abiotic, natural sounds). Existing evidence shows that anthrophony affects marine animals at multiple levels, including their behavior, physiology, and, in extreme cases, survival. This should prompt management actions to deploy existing solutions to reduce noise levels in the ocean, thereby allowing marine animals to reestablish their use of ocean sound as a central ecological trait in a healthy ocean.

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The soundscape of the Anthropocene ocean

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The soundscape of the Anthropocene ocean

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