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. 2021 Jan 26;55(2):164-171.
doi: 10.2478/raon-2021-0006.

TIPS vs. endoscopic treatment for prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding: a long-term follow-up of 126 patients

Spela Korsic  1   2 , Borut Stabuc  2   3 , Pavel Skok  4   5 , Peter Popovic  1   2
Affiliations

TIPS vs. endoscopic treatment for prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding: a long-term follow-up of 126 patients

Spela Korsic et al. Radiol Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: Recurrent bleeding from gastroesophageal varices is the most common life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. According to guidelines, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) should not be used as a first-line treatment and should be limited to those bleedings which are refractory to pharmacologic and endoscopic treatment (ET). To our knowledge, long-term studies evaluating the role of elective TIPS in comparison to ET in patients with recurrent variceal bleeding episodes are rare.

Patients and methods: This study was designed as a retrospective single-institution analysis of 70 patients treated with TIPS and 56 with ET. Patients were followed-up from inclusion in the study until death, liver transplantation, the last follow-up observation or until the end of our study.

Results: Recurrent variceal bleeding was significantly more frequent in ET group compared to patients TIPS group (66.1% vs. 21.4%, p < 0.001; χ2-test). The incidence of death secondary to recurrent bleeding was higher in the ET group (28.6% vs. 10%). Cumulative survival after 1 year, 2 years and 5 years in TIPS group compared to ET group was 85% vs. 83%, 73% vs. 67% and 41% vs. 35%, respectively. The main cause of death in patients with cumulative survival more than 2 years was liver failure. Median observation time was 47 months (range; 2-194 months) in the TIPS group and 40 months (range; 1-168 months) in the ET group.

Conclusions: In present study TIPS was more effective in the prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding and had lower mortality due to recurrent variceal bleeding compared to ET.

Keywords: endoscopic treatment; esophageal and gastric varices; portal hypertension; recurrent variceal bleeding; survival; transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Proportion of patients without recurrent bleedings in the two groups. ET = Endoscopic treatment; TIPS = Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Figure 2
Figure 2
Survival curves for the two groups. Kaplan-Meier curve. ET = Endoscopic treatment; TIPS = transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; N (TIPS) = 70; N (ET) = 56
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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