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. 2021 Jun 15:414:128759.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128759. Epub 2021 Jan 31.

Point of care detection of COVID-19: Advancement in biosensing and diagnostic methods

Shariq Suleman  1 , Sudheesh K Shukla  2 , Nitesh Malhotra  3 , Shikandar D Bukkitgar  4 , Nagaraj P Shetti  4 , Roberto Pilloton  5 , Jagriti Narang  1 , Yen Nee Tan  6 , Tejraj M Aminabhavi  7
Affiliations

Point of care detection of COVID-19: Advancement in biosensing and diagnostic methods

Shariq Suleman et al. Chem Eng J. .

Abstract

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has created much inconvenience and fear that the virus can seriously affect humans, causing health hazards and death. This pandemic has created much worry and as per the report by World Health Organization (WHO), more than 43 million individuals in 215 countries and territories were affected. People around the world are still struggling to overcome the problems associated with this pandemic. Of all the available methods, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been widely practiced for the pandemic detection even though several diagnostic tools are available having varying accuracy and sensitivity. The method offers many advantages making it a life-saving tool, but the method has the limitation of transporting to the nearest pathology lab, thus limiting its application in resource limited settings. This has a risen a crucial need for point-of-care devices for on-site detection. In this venture, biosensors have been used, since they can be applied immediately at the point-of-care. This review will discuss about the available diagnostic methods and biosensors for COVID-19 detection.

Keywords: Biosensors; COVID-19; Coronaviruses; Diagnosis; Pandemic; Symptoms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Structure of SARS-CoV-2 representing spike glycoprotein, membrane protein, genomic RNA, nucleocapsid protein, envelope and hemagglutinin-esterase.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Schematics showing the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 virus to the host cell, entry, replication and transmission.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Genome organization of SARS-CoV-2, representing structural and non-structural proteins.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
General principle of SHERLOCK (top scheme) and DETECTR (bottom scheme) based on CRISPR.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Illustration representing IgG and IgM antibodies test for COVID detection.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Schematics of optic biosensor showing the production of antibodies by immunization of mice with glutathione S-transferase (GST) tag nucleocapsid protein and produced antibodies act as the capture antibody and secondary antibody binds with AuNPs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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