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Observational Study
. 2021 Feb 6;13(2):531.
doi: 10.3390/nu13020531.

The Mediterranean Diet in Osteoporosis Prevention: An Insight in a Peri- and Post-Menopausal Population

Sara Quattrini  1 , Barbara Pampaloni  1 , Giorgio Gronchi  2 , Francesca Giusti  1 , Maria Luisa Brandi  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

The Mediterranean Diet in Osteoporosis Prevention: An Insight in a Peri- and Post-Menopausal Population

Sara Quattrini et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Osteoporosis represent a widespread public health problem. The management and prevention of osteoporosis and related low energy fractures start with a correct lifestyle and proper nutrition. Several different nutrients are essential for bone and mineral metabolism, especially calcium. Nevertheless, a well-balanced nutrition, such as Mediterranean diet (MD), proved to be beneficial for several chronic diseases and also fragility fractures resulted lower in the Mediterranean area. A prospective observational study in a population of two hundred peri- and post-menopausal women (aged 30-80 years) was developed at Careggi hospital, Florence. Both MD adherence and dietary calcium intake were evaluated in occasion of a "first visit" and a "follow-up" visit, through validated questionnaires. From a descriptive point of view, although not statistically significant, in both visits a slight increase in calcium intake was observed for high adherence to MD diet. Moreover, a short nutritional interview (20 min) was applied in our population and demonstrated to be sufficient to significantly improve MD adherence level (mean score at T0 = 6.98 ± 1.74 and T1 = 7.53 ± 1.68), opening promising paths in osteoporosis prevention.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; bone health; calcium intake; menopause; osteoporosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

B.P., S.Q., G.G., F.G.: None. M.L.B. has received honoraria from Amgen, Bruno Farmaceutici, Calcilytix, Kyowa Kirin; Academic grants and/or speaker: Abiogen, Alexion, Amgen, Bruno Farmaceutici, Echolight, Eli Lilly, Kyowa Kirin, MSD, NPS, Servier, Shire, SPA, Theramex; Consultant: Alexion, Bruno Farmaceutici, Kyowa Kirin, Servier, Shire.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart showing a description of study design, recruitment and assessment.
Figure 2
Figure 2
MD adherence level of peri- and post-menopausal women, at T0 (N = 200) and T1 (N = 171).
Figure 3
Figure 3
MD adherence score at T0 (N = 200) and T1 (N = 171) (Paired sample t-test; * p < 0.001).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Box-plots chart showing dietary calcium intake in the three degrees of MD adherence, at T0 and T1. No statistically significant differences were observed. Outliers are represented by dots.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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