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Review
. 2021 Feb 5;13(2):517.
doi: 10.3390/nu13020517.

Role of Cachexia and Fragility in the Patient Candidate for Cardiac Surgery

Calogera Pisano  1 , Daniele Polisano  2 , Carmela Rita Balistreri  3 , Claudia Altieri  1 , Paolo Nardi  1 , Fabio Bertoldo  1 , Daniele Trombetti  1 , Laura Asta  1 , Maria Sabrina Ferrante  1 , Dario Buioni  1 , Calogero Foti  2 , Giovanni Ruvolo  1
Affiliations
Review

Role of Cachexia and Fragility in the Patient Candidate for Cardiac Surgery

Calogera Pisano et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Frailty is the major expression of accelerated aging and describes a decreased resistance to stressors, and consequently an increased vulnerability to additional diseases in elderly people. The vascular aging related to frail phenotype reflects the high susceptibility for cardiovascular diseases and negative postoperative outcomes after cardiac surgery. Sarcopenia can be considered a biological substrate of physical frailty. Malnutrition and physical inactivity play a key role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. We searched on Medline (PubMed) and Scopus for relevant literature published over the last 10 years and analyzed the strong correlation between frailty, sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases in elderly patient. In our opinion, a right food intake and moderate intensity resistance exercise are mandatory in order to better prepare patients undergoing cardiac operation.

Keywords: age related syndrome; frailty; malnutrition; sarcopenia; vascular aging.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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