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Review
. 2021 Mar;116(3):494-500.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20200426.

GDF-15 as a Biomarker in Cardiovascular Disease

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Bruna Miers May  1 , Mauricio Pimentel  2 , Leandro Ioschpe Zimerman  2 , Luis Eduardo Rohde  2
Affiliations
Review

GDF-15 as a Biomarker in Cardiovascular Disease

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Bruna Miers May et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021 Mar.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

In the last years, several diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been studied in cardiovascular disease. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) family, is highly up-regulated in stress and inflammatory conditions and has been correlated to myocardial injury and pressure cardiac overload in animal models. This new biomarker has been positively correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in population studies and shown an independent predictor of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic value of GDF-15 in different settings in cardiology.

Nos últimos anos, vários biomarcadores estão ganhando importância clínica na avaliação diagnóstica e prognóstica de pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares. O fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) é uma citocina induzida por estresse e inflamação, membro da família do TGF-, cuja produção no miocárdio foi demonstrada experimentalmente em resposta à injúria isquêmica ou sobrecarga cardíaca. Este novo marcador foi positivamente correlacionado com aumento do risco de eventos cardiovasculares em estudos populacionais e configurou-se preditor independente de mortalidade e prognóstico adverso em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana e insuficiência cardíaca. Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar o valor diagnóstico e prognóstico do GDF-15 em diferentes cenários na cardiologia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potencial Conflito de Interesses

Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.

Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1. – Fatores que modificam a expressão do fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) no sistema cardiovascular.
Figura 2
Figura 2. – Implicação do aumento nos níveis de fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) em diferentes aspectos clínicos na insuficiência cardíaca. IC: insuficiência cardíaca; CV: cardiovasculares; ICFEp: insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada; NYHA: New York Heart Association; ICFEr: insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida; DAC: doença arterial coronariana
Figure 2
Figure 2. – Implications of increased growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels in different clinical conditions of heart failure; HF: heart failure; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; CAD: coronary artery disease
Figure 1
Figure 1. – Influencing factors of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in the cardiovascular system.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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