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. 2021 Jan;116(1):37-47.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20190409.

Assessment of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Senescence and Endothelial Dysfunction among Adults with High Cardiovascular Risk

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Vijay Raj  1 , Soniya Charles  2 , Luxitaa Goenka  3 , Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy  4 , Marimuthu C  5 , Emmanuel C  5 , Kanchana Mala  1 , Subramaniyan Kumarasamy  6 , Melvin George  3
Affiliations

Assessment of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Senescence and Endothelial Dysfunction among Adults with High Cardiovascular Risk

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Vijay Raj et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021 Jan.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Biological aging has been associated with the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes; however, the underlying mechanism of this process remains unknown.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate if peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) senescence and endothelial biomarkers could influence cardiovascular (CV) risk and be suitable markers for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases in adults.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study patients free of CVD were classified as lower (n=32) and higher Interheart Risk (IHR) scores (n=28). PBMC senescence was assessed by estimating the telomerase activity (TA) and detecting the presence of senescent cells and endothelial dysfunction by estimating the concentration of nitrite and nitrate and of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). All p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: PBMC senescence 0.95 [p-value = 0.0001; 95% CI (0.874-1.026)] was a significant predictor of patients with higher IHR scores with a cut-off value of 21.65 with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 88% respectively. PBMC senescence, nitrite and nitrate and TA were found to be independently associated with high IHR scores.

Conclusion: PBMC senescence, TA and nitrite, and nitrate status are suitable measures to predict high cardiovascular risk in adults with CV risk. Nevertheless, long-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm these findings. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):37-47).

Fundamento: Doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) são uma das principais causas de mortalidade e morbidade em todo o mundo. O envelhecimento biológico tem sido associado à ocorrência de resultados cardiovasculares. Entretanto, o mecanismo subjacente desse processo ainda é desconhecido.

Objetivos: Buscamos avaliar se a senescência das células sanguíneas mononucleares periféricas (CSMP) e biomarcadores endoteliais poderiam influenciar o risco cardiovascular (CV) e ser marcadores adequados para a detecção precoce de doenças cardiovasculares em adultos.

Métodos: Neste estudo transversal, pacientes livres de DCV foram classificados como baixo (n=32) e alto (n=28) escore de risco intracardaco (IHR) A senescência das CSMP foi avaliada estimando-se a atividade de telomerase (AT) e detectando-se a presença de células senescentes e disfunção endotelial, estimando-se a concentração de nitrito e nitrato e a capacidade antioxidante total (CAT). A análise estatística foi realizada com o software SPSS, versão 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Todos os p-valores <0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos.

Resultados: A senescência de CSMP de 0,95 [p-valor = 0,0001; 95% IC (0,874-1,026)] foi um indicador significativo de pacientes com escore de IHR mais alto, com um valor de corte de 21,65, com sensibilidade e especificidade de 92% e 88% respectivamente. Identificou-se que a senescência de CSMP, nitrito e nitrato, e AT eram independentemente associadas a um escore de IHR alto.

Conclusão: Os status de nitrito e nitrato e AT, e a senescência de CSMP são medidas adequadas para prever o alto risco cardiovascular em adultos com risco CV. Entretanto devem ser realizados estudos de acompanhamento de longo prazo para confirmar esses achados. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):37-47).

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Conflict of interest statement

Potencial Conflito de Interesses

Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.

Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1. – Pacientes com escore de risco intracardíaco mais alto.
Figura 2
Figura 2. – Identificação e quantificação de células senescentes utilizando iodeto de propídio.
Figura 3
Figura 3. – Comparação da senescência de células mononucleares do sangue periférico, atividade telomerase, nitrito / nitrato e capacidade antioxidante total entre pacientes com escores de risco intermediário baixo e alto. O teste estatístico utilizado para comparar variáveis contínuas foi o teste T com amostras independentes; um p-valor menor que 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo.
Figura 4
Figura 4. – Correlação da senescência de CSMP com idade, nitrito / nitrato, atividade telomerase e capacidade antioxidante total.
Figura 5
Figura 5. – Curvas de características operacionais do receptor para a previsão do High Interheart Risk Score.
Figure 1
Figure 1. – Flow chart representations of the research study.
Figure 2
Figure 2. – Identification and Quantification of Senescent Cells using Propidium Iodide.
Figure 3
Figure 3. – Comparision of peripheral blood mononuclear cell senescence, telomerase activity, nitrite/nitrate and total antioxidant capacity among patients with low and high interheart risk score. The statistics tests used to compare continuous variables were independent samples t-test; p-value less than 0.05 were consideres statistically significant.
Figure 4
Figure 4. – Correlation of PBMC senescence with age, nitrite/nitrate, telomerase activity and total antioxidant capacity.
Figure 5
Figure 5. – Receiver operating characteristic curves for the prediction of High Interheart Risk Score.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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