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. 2021 Nov-Dec;97(6):629-636.
doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Feb 7.

Associated factors with recurrent wheezing in infants: is there difference between the sexes?

Wellington Fernando da Silva Ferreira  1 , Denise Siqueira de Carvalho  1 , Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen  2 , Dirceu Solé  2 , Emanuel Sávio Cavalcante Sarinho  3 , Décio Medeiros  3 , Ana Carolina Cavalcanti Dela Bianca Melo  3 , Elaine Xavier Prestes  4 , Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos  5 , Karin Regina Luhm  1 , Luis Garcia-Marcos  6 , Javier Mallol  7 , Nelson Augusto Rosário  8 , Herberto José Chong-Neto  9
Affiliations

Associated factors with recurrent wheezing in infants: is there difference between the sexes?

Wellington Fernando da Silva Ferreira et al. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2021 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Objective: Identify associated factors for recurrent wheezing (RW) in male and female infants.

Methods: Cross-sectional multicentric study using the standardized questionnaire from the Estudio Internacional sobre Sibilancias en Lactantes (EISL). The questionnaire was applied to parents of 9345 infants aged 12-15 months at the time of immunization/routine visits.

Results: One thousand two hundred and sixty-one (13.5%) males and nine hundred sixty-three (10.3%) females have had RW (≥3 episodes), respectively (p10 colds episodes (OR = 3.46; IC 95% 2.35-5.07), air pollution (OR = 1.33; IC 95% 1.12-1.59), molds at home (OR = 1.23; IC 95% 1.03-1.47), Afro-descendants (OR = 1.42; IC 95% 1.20-1.69), bronchopneumonia (OR = 1.41; IC; 1.11-1.78), severe episodes of wheezing in the first year (OR = 1.56; IC 95% 1.29-1.89), treatment with bronchodilators (OR = 1.60; IC 95% 1.22-2,1) and treatment with oral corticosteroids (OR = 1,23; IC 95% 0.99-1,52). Associated factors for RW for females were passive smoking (OR = 1.24; IC 95% 1.01-1,51), parents diagnosed with asthma (OR = 1.32; IC 95% 1,08-1,62), parents with allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.26; IC 95% 1.04-1.53), daycare attendance (OR = 1.48; IC 95% 1.17-1,88), colds in the first 6 months of life (OR = 2.19; IC 95% 1.69-2.82), personal diagnosis of asthma (OR = 1.84; IC 95% 1.39-2.44), emergency room visits (OR = 1.78; IC 95% 1.44-2.21), nighttime symptoms (OR = 2.89; IC 95% 2.34-3.53) and updated immunization (OR = 0.62; IC 95% 0.41-0.96).

Conclusion: There are differences in associated factors for RW between genders. Identification of these differences could be useful to the approach and management of RW between boys and girls.

Keywords: Infants; Risk factors; Sex; Wheezing.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Factors associated with recurrent wheezing in boys and girls (n = 2223).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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