Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Feb 8;22(4):1706.
doi: 10.3390/ijms22041706.

Calprotectin in Lung Diseases

Ourania S Kotsiou  1   2 , Dimitrios Papagiannis  2 , Rodanthi Papadopoulou  3 , Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis  1
Affiliations
Review

Calprotectin in Lung Diseases

Ourania S Kotsiou et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Calprotectin (CLP) is a heterodimer formed by two S-100 calcium-binding cytosolic proteins, S100A8 and S100A9. It is a multifunctional protein expressed mainly by neutrophils and released extracellularly by activated or damaged cells mediating a broad range of physiological and pathological responses. It has been more than 20 years since the implication of S100A8/A9 in the inflammatory process was shown; however, the evaluation of its role in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases or its usefulness as a biomarker for the appropriate diagnosis and prognosis of lung diseases have only gained attention in recent years. This review aimed to provide current knowledge regarding the potential role of CLP in the pathophysiology of lung diseases and describe how this knowledge is, up until now, translated into daily clinical practice. CLP is involved in numerous cellular processes in lung health and disease. In addition to its anti-microbial functions, CLP also serves as a molecule with pro- and anti-tumor properties related to cell survival and growth, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, and the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. The findings of this review potentially introduce CLP in daily clinical practice within the spectrum of respiratory diseases.

Keywords: S100A8/A9; biomarker; calgranulin; calprotectin; lung.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Crystal structure of calprotectin and proposed functions as regards to respiratory diseases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Goebeler M., Roth J., van den Bos C., Ader G., Sorg C. Increase of calcium levels in epithelial cells induces translocation of calcium-binding proteins migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8 (MRP8) and MRP14 to keratin intermediate filaments. Biochem. J. 1995;309:419–424. doi: 10.1042/bj3090419. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Edgeworth J., Gorman M., Bennett R., Freemont P., Hogg N. Identification of p8,14 as a highly abundant heterodimeric calcium binding protein complex of myeloid cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1991;266:7706–7713. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)89506-4. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ometto F., Friso L., Astorri D., Botsios C., Raffeiner B., Punzi L., Doria A. Calprotectin in rheumatic diseases. Exp. Biol. Med. 2016;242:859–873. doi: 10.1177/1535370216681551. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Dale I., Brandtzaeg P., Fagerhol M.K., Scott H. Distribution of a new myelomonocytic antigen (L1) in human peripheral blood leukocytes: Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining features in comparison with lysozyme and lactoferrin. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 1985;84:24–34. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/84.1.24. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Shabani F., Farasat A., Mahdavi M., Gheibi N. Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9): A key protein between inflammation and cancer. Inflamm. Res. 2018;67:801–812. doi: 10.1007/s00011-018-1173-4. - DOI - PubMed

Substances

LinkOut - more resources