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. 2021 Jan 30;13(2):469.
doi: 10.3390/nu13020469.

Systematic Review of Nutrition Supplements in Chronic Kidney Diseases: A GRADE Approach

Pei-Chin Lin  1   2 , Chu-Lin Chou  3   4   5 , Shih-Hsiang Ou  6 , Te-Chao Fang  3   5   7 , Jin-Shuen Chen  1   6   8
Affiliations

Systematic Review of Nutrition Supplements in Chronic Kidney Diseases: A GRADE Approach

Pei-Chin Lin et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is cumulative worldwide and an increasing public health issue. Aside from the widely known protein restriction and medical therapy, less evident is the renal protection of nutrition supplements in CKD patients. This systematic review (SR), using a Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, aims to summarize and quantify evidence about the prevention effects of vitamin D and analogues, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3 PUFA), dietary fiber, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and biotics on CKD progression. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to examine SRs and/or meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials identified from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Finally, seventeen SRs were included in the qualitative analysis. The beneficial effects of these nutrition supplements in CKD patients mostly seem to be at low to very low evidence on proteinuria, kidney function, and inflammations and did not appear to improve CKD prognosis. The recommendation of nutrition supplements in CKD patients needs to discuss with physicians and consider the benefits over the adverse effects. Longer follow-up of larger randomized trials is necessary to clarify the benefits of nutrition supplements in CKD patients.

Keywords: biotics; chronic kidney disease; coenzyme Q10; dietary fiber; omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; vitamin D and analogues.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram of including systematic reviews in this study [28].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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