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Case Reports
. 2021 Jan 26:2021:6610526.
doi: 10.1155/2021/6610526. eCollection 2021.

Diagnosis of Isolated Cleft of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet in a Dog: A Case Study Using Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Ryuji Araki  1   2   3 , Koji Iwanaga  2 , Kazunori Ueda  1 , Mitsuhiro Isaka  2
Affiliations
Case Reports

Diagnosis of Isolated Cleft of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet in a Dog: A Case Study Using Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Ryuji Araki et al. Case Rep Vet Med. .

Abstract

Isolated cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet (ICAML) in dogs without a septal defect is a rare pathological condition. Until now, only one paper has contributed to the detailed understanding of canine ICAML. Reports have confirmed that 3-dimensional echocardiography (3-DE) is a simple and fast imaging technique that is useful for the diagnosis of ICAML and morphological evaluation of the mitral valve in humans. However, to our knowledge, no studies have provided details about the effectiveness of 3-DE in ICAML diagnosis in dogs. Thus, we aimed to determine the usefulness of a diagnostic technique using 3-DE in a 2-year-old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with ICAML that exhibited mild mitral valve regurgitation. ICAML was initially assessed by transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography. A diagnosis of congenital mitral regurgitation due to ICAML and understanding of the morphological structure of the valve was established based on the 3-DE findings.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest in this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Color-flow Doppler echocardiogram obtained in the right parasternal long-axis view during systole. Mitral valve regurgitation is visible.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Two-dimensional echocardiography image. In the right parasternal short-axis view at the level of the mitral valve, a cleft is observed in the A2 segment of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Three-dimensional echocardiographic image of the right parasternal short-axis view at the level of the mitral valve. A cleft of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve can be clearly confirmed. The cleft is a V shape, with a maximum diameter of 2.1 cm and a maximum of crack by cleft width of 0.8 cm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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